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Economic Value-Added Innovative Management of Leaf Waste in Green Areas of Government Agencies, Bangkok, Thailand

Author

Listed:
  • Aroon Akaravarothai

    (College of Innovative Management, Valaya Alongkorn Rajabhat University Under Royal Patronage, Prathum Thani 13180, Thailand)

  • Napattchan Dansawad

    (Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand)

  • Pattama Jitrabiab

    (College of Innovative Management, Valaya Alongkorn Rajabhat University Under Royal Patronage, Prathum Thani 13180, Thailand)

  • Ichangdaw Boruah

    (College of Innovative Management, Valaya Alongkorn Rajabhat University Under Royal Patronage, Prathum Thani 13180, Thailand)

  • Rashmi Chetia

    (College of Innovative Management, Valaya Alongkorn Rajabhat University Under Royal Patronage, Prathum Thani 13180, Thailand)

  • Ananya Popradit

    (College of Innovative Management, Valaya Alongkorn Rajabhat University Under Royal Patronage, Prathum Thani 13180, Thailand)

Abstract

Government-managed urban green spaces in Bangkok produce large quantities of leaf waste, which are typically sent to landfills, incurring considerable costs. This study assessed a novel method for valorizing this waste by converting dried, ground leaf material into compressed planting blocks (PL) to serve as a soil substitute. Annual leaf waste data from three government agencies were used to estimate production capacity and inform economic modeling. Agronomic trials with Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.) Havil. compared PL, coconut fiber (PC), and mixed soil with fertilizer over eight weeks in controlled nursery conditions. The results indicated that PL supported plant growth with a final mean height of 20.10 ± 2.01 cm, similar to PC (20.70 ± 1.90 cm) and significantly greater than soil (14.40 ± 1.50 cm) ( p < 0.001). Economic analysis showed high net present values (THB 9.16–13.76 million) and very short payback periods (less than 0.08 years). The process proved technically feasible and profitable, while also reducing waste disposal costs, minimizing landfill emissions, and providing a cost-effective, biodegradable planting medium. This method presents a scalable solution for sustainable organic waste management in tropical urban areas, supporting several Sustainable Development Goals and advancing the circular bioeconomy.

Suggested Citation

  • Aroon Akaravarothai & Napattchan Dansawad & Pattama Jitrabiab & Ichangdaw Boruah & Rashmi Chetia & Ananya Popradit, 2025. "Economic Value-Added Innovative Management of Leaf Waste in Green Areas of Government Agencies, Bangkok, Thailand," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-15, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:18:p:8511-:d:1755251
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. United Nations UN, 2015. "Transforming our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development," Working Papers id:7559, eSocialSciences.
    2. Xiang Huang & Yapan Qu & Zhentao Zhu & Qiuchi Wu, 2023. "Techno-Economic Analysis of Photovoltaic Hydrogen Production Considering Technological Progress Uncertainty," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-29, February.
    3. Isabel Brás & Elisabete Silva & Roberta Raimondo & Raffaella Saetta & Vincenzo Mignano & Massimiliano Fabbricino & José Ferreira, 2024. "Valorisation of Forest and Agriculture Residual Biomass—The Application of Life Cycle Assessment to Analyse Composting, Mulching, and Energetic Valorisation Strategies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-20, January.
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