IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v16y2024i16p7070-d1458484.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Adapting Harvests: A Comprehensive Study of Farmers’ Perceptions, Adaptation Strategies, and Climatic Trends in Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan

Author

Listed:
  • Syed Ali Asghar Shah

    (School of Economics and Management, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Muhammad Sajid Mehmood

    (College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
    Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Ministry of Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
    INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Ihsan Muhammad

    (Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-Bioresources, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China)

  • Muhammad Irfan Ahamad

    (College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China)

  • Huixin Wu

    (School of Marxism Studies, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China)

Abstract

Understanding farmers’ perceptions, attitudes, and adaptation strategies toward climate change is important for developing effective policies that support agricultural development and food security in rural communities. This study aimed to understand climatic trends over the past two decades (2003–2022), farmers’ perceptions, and adaptation strategies regarding climate change in Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan. The Mann–Kendall trend test identified a significant decrease in average minimum temperature (τ = −0.357, p < 0.05) and an increase in rainfall patterns (τ = 0.337, p < 0.05). A mixed-method approach is employed, utilizing a survey of 180 randomly selected farmers, focus group discussions, and climate data analysis. Ordinal and binary logistic regression models were used to analyze the influence of sociodemographic factors on farmers’ perceptions of climate change and their choice of adaptation strategies. The results indicate that farmers primarily rely on religious beliefs/prayers (65.6%) to cope with climate change, followed by seeking off-farm jobs (50%) and changing fertilizer use (42.2%). The result of the binary logistic regression indicates that among the different demographic characteristics, education, and land size significantly influence farmers’ decisions in taking adaptation measures against climate change. This study emphasizes the need for climate policies that integrate farmer knowledge with meteorological data and sociodemographic analysis to ensure a sustainable agricultural sector in Pakistan. Further research is necessary to explore more effective adaptation methods.

Suggested Citation

  • Syed Ali Asghar Shah & Muhammad Sajid Mehmood & Ihsan Muhammad & Muhammad Irfan Ahamad & Huixin Wu, 2024. "Adapting Harvests: A Comprehensive Study of Farmers’ Perceptions, Adaptation Strategies, and Climatic Trends in Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-21, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:16:p:7070-:d:1458484
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/16/16/7070/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/16/16/7070/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Muhammad Ashraf & Jayant Routray & Muhammad Saeed, 2014. "Determinants of farmers’ choice of coping and adaptation measures to the drought hazard in northwest Balochistan, Pakistan," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 73(3), pages 1451-1473, September.
    2. Jamil, Ihsan & Jun, Wen & Mughal, Bushra & Waheed, Junaid & Hussain, Hadi & Waseem, Muhammad, 2021. "Agricultural Innovation: A comparative analysis of economic benefits gained by farmers under climate resilient and conventional agricultural practices," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
    3. Sarah P. Church & Michael Dunn & Nicholas Babin & Amber Saylor Mase & Tonya Haigh & Linda S. Prokopy, 2018. "Do advisors perceive climate change as an agricultural risk? An in-depth examination of Midwestern U.S. Ag advisors’ views on drought, climate change, and risk management," Agriculture and Human Values, Springer;The Agriculture, Food, & Human Values Society (AFHVS), vol. 35(2), pages 349-365, June.
    4. Solomon Asfaw & Nancy McCarthy & Leslie Lipper & Aslihan Arslan & Andrea Cattaneo, 2016. "What determines farmers’ adaptive capacity? Empirical evidence from Malawi," Food Security: The Science, Sociology and Economics of Food Production and Access to Food, Springer;The International Society for Plant Pathology, vol. 8(3), pages 643-664, June.
    5. Amin, Asad & Nasim, Wajid & Mubeen, Muhammad & Ahmad, Ashfaq & Nadeem, Muhammad & Urich, Peter & Fahad, Shah & Ahmad, Shakeel & Wajid, Aftab & Tabassum, Fareeha & Hammad, Hafiz Mohkum & Sultana, Syeda, 2018. "Simulated CSM-CROPGRO-cotton yield under projected future climate by SimCLIM for southern Punjab, Pakistan," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 213-222.
    6. Maaz Saleem & Muhammad Arfan & Kamran Ansari & Daniyal Hassan, 2023. "Analyzing the Impact of Ungauged Hill Torrents on the Riverine Floods of the River Indus: A Case Study of Koh E Suleiman Mountains in the DG Khan and Rajanpur Districts of Pakistan," Resources, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-18, February.
    7. Atta-ur-Rahman & Amir Khan, 2011. "Analysis of flood causes and associated socio-economic damages in the Hindukush region," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 59(3), pages 1239-1260, December.
    8. Muhammad Khalid Anser & Tayyaba Hina & Shahzad Hameed & Muhammad Hamid Nasir & Ishfaq Ahmad & Muhammad Asad ur Rehman Naseer, 2020. "Modeling Adaptation Strategies against Climate Change Impacts in Integrated Rice-Wheat Agricultural Production System of Pakistan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-18, April.
    9. Trinh, Thoai Quang & Rañola, Roberto F. & Camacho, Leni D. & Simelton, Elisabeth, 2018. "Determinants of farmers’ adaptation to climate change in agricultural production in the central region of Vietnam," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 224-231.
    10. Stacy‐ann Robinson, 2020. "Climate change adaptation in SIDS: A systematic review of the literature pre and post the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 11(4), July.
    11. Thinda, K.T. & Ogundeji, A.A. & Belle, J.A. & Ojo, T.O., 2020. "Understanding the adoption of climate change adaptation strategies among smallholder farmers: Evidence from land reform beneficiaries in South Africa," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    12. Ojo, T.O. & Baiyegunhi, L.J.S., 2020. "Determinants of climate change adaptation strategies and its impact on the net farm income of rice farmers in south-west Nigeria," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Theodoros Markopoulos & Lambros Tsourgiannis & Sotirios Papadopoulos & Christos Staboulis, 2025. "Utilizing Farmers’ Views and Attitudes to Hinder Climate Change Threats: Insights from Greece," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-13, March.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ojo, Temitope & Adetoro, Adetoso A. & Ogundeji, Abiodun A. & Belle, Johannes A., 2021. "Quantifying the Determinants of Climate Change Adaptation Strategies and Farmers’ Access to Credit in South Africa," 2021 Conference, August 17-31, 2021, Virtual 315853, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    2. Twecan, Dalson & Wang, Weiguang & Xu, Junzeng & Mohmmed, Alnail, 2022. "Climate change vulnerability, adaptation measures, and risk perceptions at households level in Acholi sub-region, Northern Uganda," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    3. Kangogo, Daniel & Dentoni, Domenico & Bijman, Jos, 2021. "Adoption of climate‐smart agriculture among smallholder farmers: Does farmer entrepreneurship matter?," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    4. Dang, Hoa Le & Pham, Thuyen Thi & Pham, Nhung Thi Hong & Nam, Pham Khanh, 2022. "Gender-Differentiated Determinants of Rice Farmers' Choice of Strategies to Adapt to Salinity Intrusion in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam," EfD Discussion Paper 22-9, Environment for Development, University of Gothenburg.
    5. Koirala, Pankaj & Kotani, Koji & Managi, Shunsuke, 2022. "How do farm size and perceptions matter for farmers’ adaptation responses to climate change in a developing country? Evidence from Nepal," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 188-204.
    6. Trinh, Thoai Quang & Rañola, Roberto F. & Camacho, Leni D. & Simelton, Elisabeth, 2018. "Determinants of farmers’ adaptation to climate change in agricultural production in the central region of Vietnam," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 224-231.
    7. Andlia Abdoussalami & Zhenghua Hu & Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul Islam & Bouhari Ahamada Djae, 2024. "Role of social network on banana farmer's adaptation to climate change and land productivity in Ngazidja island, Comoros archipelago," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 26(9), pages 23867-23888, September.
    8. Ojo, T.O. & Ogundeji, A.A. & Belle, J.A., 2021. "Climate change perception and impact of on-farm demonstration on intensity of adoption of adaptation strategies among smallholder farmers in South Africa," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 172(C).
    9. Anh, Nguyen Tuan & Gan, Christopher & Anh, Dao Le Trang, 2022. "Multi-market credit rationing: The determinants of and impacts on farm performance in Vietnam," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 159-173.
    10. Aftab, Ashar & Ahmed, Ajaz & Scarpa, Riccardo, 2021. "Farm households' perception of weather change and flood adaptations in northern Pakistan," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 182(C).
    11. Gideon Danso-Abbeam & Collins C. Okolie & Temitope O. Ojo & Abiodun A. Ogundeji, 2024. "Understanding drought impacts on livelihoods and risk management strategies: South African smallholder farmers' perspectives," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 120(9), pages 8931-8951, July.
    12. Mbongeni Maziya & Lungani Mvelase & Mbuyazwe Michael Dlamini, 2024. "Smallholder Farmers’ Climate Change Adaptation Strategies and Their Effect on Household Food Security: Evidence from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-13, October.
    13. Tuyen Tiet & Nguyen To-The & Tuan Nguyen-Anh, 2022. "Farmers’ behaviors and attitudes toward climate change adaptation: evidence from Vietnamese smallholder farmers," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(12), pages 14235-14260, December.
    14. Chepkoech, Winifred & Stöber, Silke & Kurgat, Barnabas K. & Bett, Hillary K. & Mungai, Nancy W. & Lotze-Campen, Hermann, 2023. "What drives diversity in climate change adaptation strategies for African indigenous vegetable production in Kenya?," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 716-728.
    15. Musa Hasen Ahmed & Wondimagegn Mesfin Tesfaye & Franziska Gassmann, 2023. "Early growing season weather variation, expectation formation and agricultural land allocation decisions in Ethiopia," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 74(1), pages 255-272, February.
    16. Le Phuong Nam & Nguyen Song & Antonio Jesus A. Quilloy & Roberto F. Rañola & Jose V. Camacho & Leni D. Camacho & Louie Marie T. Eluriagac, 2024. "Assessment of impacts of adaptation measures on rice farm economic performance in response to climate change: Case study in Vietnam," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 26(12), pages 32479-32507, December.
    17. Tuan Nguyen‐Anh & Shawn Leu & Anh Nguyen‐Thi‐Phuong & Thanh Ngo‐Dang & Nguyen To‐The, 2023. "Adapting to the new normal: A sustainable livelihood framework for the informal sectors during COVID‐19," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 27(2), pages 1092-1112, May.
    18. Sharofiddinov Husniddin & Moinul Islam & Koji Kotani, 2024. "Farm sizes and adaptation responses to climate change in agriculture: A reflection of Tajikistan’s farming culture and history," Working Papers SDES-2024-2, Kochi University of Technology, School of Economics and Management, revised May 2024.
    19. Dang, Hoa Le & Pham, Thuyen Thi & Hong Pham, Nhung Thi & Pham, Nam Khanh, 2024. "Gender differences in adaptation strategies to salinity intrusion in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam: An intra-household analysis," EfD Discussion Paper 24-2, Environment for Development, University of Gothenburg.
    20. Tobi Kossigan & Edgeweblime Kcodgoh, 2022. "Effect of land tenure security on the adaptation strategies of farm households to climate change in Togo [Effet de la sécurité foncière sur les stratégies d'adaptation des ménages agricoles au chan," Post-Print hal-04031537, HAL.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:16:p:7070-:d:1458484. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.