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Sustainable CO 2 Refrigeration System for Fish Cold Storage Facility Using a Renewable Integrated System with Solar, Wind and Tidal Energy for Cape Verde—Analyzing Scenarios

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  • João Garcia

    (Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Polytechnic University of Lisbon, R. Conselheiro Emídio Navarro 1, 1959-007 Lisboa, Portugal
    The Unit for Innovation and Research in Engineering, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Polytechnic University of Lisbon, R. Conselheiro Emídio Navarro 1, 1959-007 Lisboa, Portugal
    Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, 2910-761 Setúbal, Portugal)

  • Arian Semedo

    (Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Polytechnic University of Lisbon, R. Conselheiro Emídio Navarro 1, 1959-007 Lisboa, Portugal)

Abstract

This study compares four feasible alternative solutions for an integrated cold storage system in the city of Tarrafal, Santiago, Cape Verde. Integrated systems using grid electricity are compared with autonomous systems generating electrical energy from renewable sources, alongside various types of refrigeration facility systems. Its objective is to assess the energy efficiency, financial feasibility, and environmental impact across four scenarios. Scenario 1 utilizes two R134a refrigeration units powered by the public grid. Scenario 2 employs a transcritical R744 (CO 2 ) system using grid electricity. Scenario 3 incorporates R744 and autonomous renewable energy. Scenario 4 employs R744 for refrigeration with seawater heat exchange and autonomous renewable energy sources. The findings favor Scenario 4, emitting 15,882 kg CO 2 eq with a 5-year return on investment. Autonomous electricity production in this scenario reduces emissions by 95%. Despite an initial cost of EUR 769,172.00, Scenario 3 demonstrates financial viability, contributing to energy sustainability. This autonomous production reduces emissions by 360,697 kg CO 2 compared to conventional systems, highlighting the positive impact of local renewable energy integration.

Suggested Citation

  • João Garcia & Arian Semedo, 2024. "Sustainable CO 2 Refrigeration System for Fish Cold Storage Facility Using a Renewable Integrated System with Solar, Wind and Tidal Energy for Cape Verde—Analyzing Scenarios," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-20, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:10:p:4259-:d:1397233
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    4. Bernardino, Mariana & Rusu, Liliana & Guedes Soares, C., 2017. "Evaluation of the wave energy resources in the Cape Verde Islands," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 316-326.
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    6. Juhyun Bak & Jabeom Koo & Sungmin Yoon & Hyunwoo Lim, 2022. "Thermal Draft Load Coefficient for Heating Load Differences Caused by Stack-Driven Infiltration by Floor in Multifamily High-Rise Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-21, February.
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