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Framework for a Systematic Parametric Analysis to Maximize Energy Output of PV Modules Using an Experimental Design

Author

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  • Mohammad K. Najjar

    (Programa de Engenharia Ambiental, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil)

  • Eduardo Linhares Qualharini

    (Programa de Engenharia Ambiental, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil)

  • Ahmed W. A. Hammad

    (Faculty of Built Environment, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia)

  • Dieter Boer

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain)

  • Assed Haddad

    (Programa de Engenharia Ambiental, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil)

Abstract

Use of photovoltaic modules in buildings has been reported to be an effective tool in managing energy consumption. The novelty in the research herein is in a framework that integrates different performance parameters through the use of an experimental design to expect all variables via linear regression analysis. An emphasis is placed on making the method readily available to practitioners and experts in the area of renewable energy, using standard procedure and easily accessible software. This work empowers the decision-making process and sustainability through a parametric analysis of the installation of photovoltaic modules to increase their energy output towards nearly zero energy buildings. A case study of a group of photovoltaic modules is examined in four cities with different locations and climate data to validate the proposed framework. Results demonstrate that the installation of photovoltaic modules on the mounted roof is better than elevations, and the vertical installation of modules is the worst possible inclination to maximize the yielded energy. The impact of inclination is higher than orientation in influencing the energy productivity of photovoltaic modules. This work specifies integrating such modules mounted on roofs and elevations towards the equator line, by a proportion of inclination/latitude equal to 85 ± 3%, to maximize the energy output.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohammad K. Najjar & Eduardo Linhares Qualharini & Ahmed W. A. Hammad & Dieter Boer & Assed Haddad, 2019. "Framework for a Systematic Parametric Analysis to Maximize Energy Output of PV Modules Using an Experimental Design," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-24, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:10:p:2992-:d:234570
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    2. Waqar Muhammad Ashraf & Ghulam Moeen Uddin & Syed Muhammad Arafat & Sher Afghan & Ahmad Hassan Kamal & Muhammad Asim & Muhammad Haider Khan & Muhammad Waqas Rafique & Uwe Naumann & Sajawal Gul Niazi &, 2020. "Optimization of a 660 MW e Supercritical Power Plant Performance—A Case of Industry 4.0 in the Data-Driven Operational Management Part 1. Thermal Efficiency," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-33, October.

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