IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i8p6657-d1123627.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Factors Affecting Flood Disaster Preparedness and Mitigation in Flood-Prone Areas in the Philippines: An Integration of Protection Motivation Theory and Theory of Planned Behavior

Author

Listed:
  • Yoshiki B. Kurata

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd, Manila 1015, Philippines)

  • Ardvin Kester S. Ong

    (School of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, Mapúa University, 658 Muralla St., Intramuros, Manila 1002, Philippines)

  • Ranice Ysabelle B. Ang

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd, Manila 1015, Philippines)

  • John Karol F. Angeles

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd, Manila 1015, Philippines)

  • Bianca Danielle C. Bornilla

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd, Manila 1015, Philippines)

  • Justine Lian P. Fabia

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd, Manila 1015, Philippines)

Abstract

Natural hazards are one of the destructive phenomena that pose a significant hazard to humans, property, and the economy, among others. One of the most recurring natural hazards is flooding, which is caused by typhoons, monsoons, and heavy rainfall and has been one of the main concerns of the Philippines in recent years. The study’s results will provide information on the factors affecting flood disaster preparedness by integrating the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT). A total of 509 individuals answered an online survey questionnaire with 52 adapted questions. Structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed that risk perception (RP), media (M), and personal experience (PE) had an effect on perceived severity (PS) and perceived vulnerability (PV), which consequently affected the attitude toward the behavior (ATB), social norms (SN), and perceived behavioral control (PBC). It was determined that ATB, SN, and PBC significantly affected adapted behavior (AB), which consequently led to intention to follow (ITF) and perceived prevention (PP). After analyzing the data, it was revealed that 56.2% of female respondents were said to be more disaster resilient compared to males. This is the first study to determine the perceived prevention of disaster preparedness and mitigation in flood-prone areas in the Philippines. The results will be beneficial to academicians and government officials in developing determining factors that affect flood disaster preparedness. Lastly, a deeper understanding of how AB is the most significant variable may be further researched to improve the paper.

Suggested Citation

  • Yoshiki B. Kurata & Ardvin Kester S. Ong & Ranice Ysabelle B. Ang & John Karol F. Angeles & Bianca Danielle C. Bornilla & Justine Lian P. Fabia, 2023. "Factors Affecting Flood Disaster Preparedness and Mitigation in Flood-Prone Areas in the Philippines: An Integration of Protection Motivation Theory and Theory of Planned Behavior," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-24, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:8:p:6657-:d:1123627
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/8/6657/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/8/6657/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. W J Wouter Botzen & Olivier Deschenes & Mark Sanders, 2019. "The Economic Impacts of Natural Disasters: A Review of Models and Empirical Studies," Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 13(2), pages 167-188.
    2. Guoqiang Shen & Long Zhou & Yao Wu & Zhiming Cai, 2018. "A Global Expected Risk Analysis of Fatalities, Injuries, and Damages by Natural Disasters," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-17, July.
    3. Sado-Inamura, Yukako & Fukushi, Kensuke, 2019. "Empirical analysis of flood risk perception using historical data in Tokyo," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 13-29.
    4. Josephine D. German & Anak Agung Ngurah Perwira Redi & Ardvin Kester S. Ong & Yogi Tri Prasetyo & Vince Louis M. Sumera, 2022. "Predicting Factors Affecting Preparedness of Volcanic Eruption for a Sustainable Community: A Case Study in the Philippines," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-24, September.
    5. Ewa Lechowska, 2018. "What determines flood risk perception? A review of factors of flood risk perception and relations between its basic elements," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 94(3), pages 1341-1366, December.
    6. Shikha Jha & Pilipinas Quising & Zemma Ardaniel & Arturo Martinez, Jr. & Limin Wang, 2018. "Natural Disasters, Public Spending, and Creative Destruction: A Case Study of the Philippines," ADBI Working Papers 817, Asian Development Bank Institute.
    7. Long H. Nguyen & Amit D. Joshi & David A. Drew & Jordi Merino & Wenjie Ma & Chun-Han Lo & Sohee Kwon & Kai Wang & Mark S. Graham & Lorenzo Polidori & Cristina Menni & Carole H. Sudre & Adjoa Anyane-Ye, 2022. "Author Correction: Self-reported COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake among participants from different racial and ethnic groups in the United States and United Kingdom," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-1, December.
    8. Stathis G. Arapostathis, 2021. "A Methodology for Automatic Acquisition of Flood‐event Management Information From Social Media: the Flood in Messinia, South Greece, 2016," Information Systems Frontiers, Springer, vol. 23(5), pages 1127-1144, September.
    9. Ma. Janice J. Gumasing & Yogi Tri Prasetyo & Ardvin Kester S. Ong & Reny Nadlifatin & Satria Fadil Persada, 2022. "Determining Factors Affecting the Perceived Preparedness of Super Typhoon: Three Broad Domains of Ergonomics Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-29, September.
    10. Vladimir M. Cvetković & Giulia Roder & Adem Öcal & Paolo Tarolli & Slavoljub Dragićević, 2018. "The Role of Gender in Preparedness and Response Behaviors towards Flood Risk in Serbia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-21, December.
    11. Beth Barnes & Sarah Dunn & Sean Wilkinson, 2019. "Natural hazards, disaster management and simulation: a bibliometric analysis of keyword searches," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 97(2), pages 813-840, June.
    12. Christian Wankmüller & Gerald Reiner, 2020. "Coordination, cooperation and collaboration in relief supply chain management," Journal of Business Economics, Springer, vol. 90(2), pages 239-276, March.
    13. Jing Huang & Weiwei Cao & Huimin Wang & Zhiqiang Wang, 2020. "Affect Path to Flood Protective Coping Behaviors Using SEM Based on a Survey in Shenzhen, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-17, February.
    14. Víctor Ponce-López & Catalina Spataru, 2022. "Social Media Behaviour Analysis in Disaster-Response Messages of Floods and Heat Waves via Artificial Intelligence," Computer and Information Science, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 15(3), pages 1-18, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Jiang, Huaxiong & Wang, Yuxiao & Ma, Wei & Wang, Jiao'’e & Zhang, Mengmeng, 2024. "Unlocking the nonlinear Nexus: Accessibility of emergency resource and resident participation in flood response," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
    2. Khalid Hussein & Naeema Alhosani & Ahmed M. Al-Areeq & Amran A. Al Aghbari & Muhagir Elkamali & Tareefa Alsumaiti & Hatim O. Sharif & Ahmed M. G. Almurshidi & Waleed Abdalati, 2025. "Unprecedented rainfall in the United Arab Emirates: hydrologic and flood impact analysis of the April 2024 event," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 121(8), pages 9363-9385, May.
    3. Yoshiki B. Kurata & Ardvin Kester S. Ong & Alyssa Laraine M. Cunanan & Alwin G. Lumbres & Kyle Gericho M. Palomares & Christine Denise A. Vargas & Abiel M. Badillo, 2023. "Perceived Behavior Analysis to Boost Physical Fitness and Lifestyle Wellness for Sustainability among Gen Z Filipinos," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-25, September.
    4. Hassam Bin Waseem & Irfan Ahmad Rana, 2025. "Investigating the adaptation strategies and constraints in flood risk reduction of urban communities of Islamabad, Pakistan," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 30(6), pages 1-31, August.
    5. Tengku Mohamad Amirulhakimi Tengku Mohd Hazrin & Suhaimi Abd Samad & Hazlina Mohd Padil & Radduan Yusof & Mazlan Che Soh & Eley Suzana Kasim & Mohd Hairy Ibrahim, 2024. "Content Analysis of Flood Relief Efforts: Examining Coping and Recovery Themes in Resilience Narrative Analysis," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 8(6), pages 32-45, June.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Osberghaus, Daniel & Botzen, W.J. Wouter & Kesternich, Martin, 2025. "The intention-behavior gap in climate change adaptation: Evidence from longitudinal survey data," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
    2. Evan Cass & Wanyun Shao & Feng Hao & Hamid Moradkhani, 2025. "An online survey analysis of coastal flood recovery aided by resident mitigation behavior," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 121(12), pages 14355-14371, July.
    3. Weiwei Cao & Yi Yang & Jing Huang & Dianchen Sun & Gaofeng Liu, 2020. "Influential Factors Affecting Protective Coping Behaviors of Flood Disaster: A Case Study in Shenzhen, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-15, August.
    4. Han Sun & Zhiyun Zha & Chao Huang & Xiaohui Yang, 2025. "Flood disaster industry-linked economic impact and risk assessment: a case study of Yangtze River Economic Zone," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 27(7), pages 15703-15726, July.
    5. Ardvin Kester S. Ong, 2022. "A Machine Learning Ensemble Approach for Predicting Factors Affecting STEM Students’ Future Intention to Enroll in Chemistry-Related Courses," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-17, December.
    6. Lisa Woodland & Priyanjali Ratwatte & Revati Phalkey & Emma L. Gillingham, 2023. "Investigating the Health Impacts of Climate Change among People with Pre-Existing Mental Health Problems: A Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(8), pages 1-33, April.
    7. Delin Liu & Mengjie Li & Yue Li & Hao Chen, 2022. "Assessment of Public Flood Risk Perception and Influencing Factors: An Example of Jiaozuo City, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-15, August.
    8. Osberghaus, Daniel & Botzen, Wouter & Kesternich, Martin & Iurkova, Ekaterina, 2022. "The Intention-Behavior Gap in Climate Change Adaptation," VfS Annual Conference 2022 (Basel): Big Data in Economics 264073, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    9. Ma. Janice J. Gumasing & Ma. Daniella M. Sobrevilla, 2023. "Determining Factors Affecting the Protective Behavior of Filipinos in Urban Areas for Natural Calamities Using an Integration of Protection Motivation Theory, Theory of Planned Behavior, and Ergonomic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-31, April.
    10. Maria M. Laurito & Elizabeth Frankenberg & Duncan Thomas, 2022. "Effects of Housing Aid on Psychosocial Health after a Disaster," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-18, June.
    11. Sindisiwe Nyide & Mulala Danny Simatele & Stefan Grab & Richard Kwame Adom, 2023. "Assessment of the Dynamics towards Effective and Efficient Post-Flood Disaster Adaptive Capacity and Resilience in South Africa," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-25, August.
    12. Matteo Coronese & Davide Luzzati, 2022. "Economic impacts of natural hazards and complexity science: a critical review," LEM Papers Series 2022/13, Laboratory of Economics and Management (LEM), Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy.
    13. Mutlu, Asli & Roy, Debraj & Filatova, Tatiana, 2023. "Capitalized value of evolving flood risks discount and nature-based solution premiums on property prices," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    14. Agarwala, Matthew & Burke, Matt & Klusak, Patrycja & Mohaddes, Kamiar & Volz, Ulrich & Zenghelis, Dimitri, 2021. "Climate Change And Fiscal Sustainability: Risks And Opportunities," National Institute Economic Review, National Institute of Economic and Social Research, vol. 258, pages 28-46, November.
    15. Agostino, Mariarosaria, 2024. "Extreme weather events and firms’ energy practices. The role of country governance," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    16. Beirne, John & Dafermos, Yannis & Kriwoluzky, Alexander & Renzhi, Nuobu & Volz, Ulrich & Wittich, Jana, 2022. "Natural Disasters and Inflation in the Euro Area," VfS Annual Conference 2022 (Basel): Big Data in Economics 264132, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    17. Szczygielski, Jan Jakub & Charteris, Ailie & Obojska, Lidia & Brzeszczyński, Janusz, 2025. "Energy in turmoil: Industry resilience to uncertainty during the global energy crisis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 389(C).
    18. Emanuel Moench & Robin Schaal, 2025. "The impact of extreme weather events on the term structure of sovereign debt," Working Papers 11088, South African Reserve Bank.
    19. John Beirne & Yannis Dafermos & Alexander Kriwoluzky & Nuobu Renzhi & Ulrich Volz & Jana Wittich, 2021. "The Effects of Natural Disasters on Price Stability in the Euro Area," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 1981, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    20. Yang, Ya Ling, 2020. "Comparison of public perception and risk management decisions of aircraft noise near Taoyuan and Kaohsiung International Airports," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:8:p:6657-:d:1123627. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.