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Factors Affecting Flood Disaster Preparedness and Mitigation in Flood-Prone Areas in the Philippines: An Integration of Protection Motivation Theory and Theory of Planned Behavior

Author

Listed:
  • Yoshiki B. Kurata

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd, Manila 1015, Philippines)

  • Ardvin Kester S. Ong

    (School of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, Mapúa University, 658 Muralla St., Intramuros, Manila 1002, Philippines)

  • Ranice Ysabelle B. Ang

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd, Manila 1015, Philippines)

  • John Karol F. Angeles

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd, Manila 1015, Philippines)

  • Bianca Danielle C. Bornilla

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd, Manila 1015, Philippines)

  • Justine Lian P. Fabia

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd, Manila 1015, Philippines)

Abstract

Natural hazards are one of the destructive phenomena that pose a significant hazard to humans, property, and the economy, among others. One of the most recurring natural hazards is flooding, which is caused by typhoons, monsoons, and heavy rainfall and has been one of the main concerns of the Philippines in recent years. The study’s results will provide information on the factors affecting flood disaster preparedness by integrating the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT). A total of 509 individuals answered an online survey questionnaire with 52 adapted questions. Structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed that risk perception (RP), media (M), and personal experience (PE) had an effect on perceived severity (PS) and perceived vulnerability (PV), which consequently affected the attitude toward the behavior (ATB), social norms (SN), and perceived behavioral control (PBC). It was determined that ATB, SN, and PBC significantly affected adapted behavior (AB), which consequently led to intention to follow (ITF) and perceived prevention (PP). After analyzing the data, it was revealed that 56.2% of female respondents were said to be more disaster resilient compared to males. This is the first study to determine the perceived prevention of disaster preparedness and mitigation in flood-prone areas in the Philippines. The results will be beneficial to academicians and government officials in developing determining factors that affect flood disaster preparedness. Lastly, a deeper understanding of how AB is the most significant variable may be further researched to improve the paper.

Suggested Citation

  • Yoshiki B. Kurata & Ardvin Kester S. Ong & Ranice Ysabelle B. Ang & John Karol F. Angeles & Bianca Danielle C. Bornilla & Justine Lian P. Fabia, 2023. "Factors Affecting Flood Disaster Preparedness and Mitigation in Flood-Prone Areas in the Philippines: An Integration of Protection Motivation Theory and Theory of Planned Behavior," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-24, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:8:p:6657-:d:1123627
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    2. Hassam Bin Waseem & Irfan Ahmad Rana, 2025. "Investigating the adaptation strategies and constraints in flood risk reduction of urban communities of Islamabad, Pakistan," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 30(6), pages 1-31, August.
    3. Jiang, Huaxiong & Wang, Yuxiao & Ma, Wei & Wang, Jiao'’e & Zhang, Mengmeng, 2024. "Unlocking the nonlinear Nexus: Accessibility of emergency resource and resident participation in flood response," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
    4. Tengku Mohamad Amirulhakimi Tengku Mohd Hazrin & Suhaimi Abd Samad & Hazlina Mohd Padil & Radduan Yusof & Mazlan Che Soh & Eley Suzana Kasim & Mohd Hairy Ibrahim, 2024. "Content Analysis of Flood Relief Efforts: Examining Coping and Recovery Themes in Resilience Narrative Analysis," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 8(6), pages 32-45, June.
    5. Khalid Hussein & Naeema Alhosani & Ahmed M. Al-Areeq & Amran A. Al Aghbari & Muhagir Elkamali & Tareefa Alsumaiti & Hatim O. Sharif & Ahmed M. G. Almurshidi & Waleed Abdalati, 2025. "Unprecedented rainfall in the United Arab Emirates: hydrologic and flood impact analysis of the April 2024 event," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 121(8), pages 9363-9385, May.
    6. Advincula, Jirvin Syrus M & Dela Cruz, Louie Anne L & Elic, Hazel Joy S & Lipata, Lalaine Charisma E & Nuguid, Mark Andrei S & Espiritu, John Robert Y & Ochoa, Josefina C, 2026. "Ginhawa Sa Tawanan?: Filipino Humor in Flood-Prone Area," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 10(3), pages 4908-4934, March.
    7. Geraldine Marie E. Barcelon & Kiel Clarence M. Alberto & Angelica Mae C. Ledres & Fatima Bien C. Abobon & Raphaela Raia Ikar D. Ramos, 2026. "Paano Ka Uuwi? An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis on the Lived Experiences of Tikling Commuters in Hagonoy, Bulacan," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 10(3), pages 6012-6044, March.

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