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Towards Environmental Sustainability in China: Role of Globalization and Hydroelectricity Consumption

Author

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  • Rahmi Deniz Özbay

    (Department of Economics, Faculty of Business, İstanbul Commerce University, Istanbul 34445, Beyoğlu, Turkey)

  • Seyed Alireza Athari

    (Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Cyprus International University, Nicosia 99258, Northern Cyprus, Turkey)

  • Chafic Saliba

    (School of Business, Lebanese International University, Beirut 146404, Lebanon)

  • Dervis Kirikkaleli

    (Department of Banking and Finance, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, European University of Lefke, Lefke 99010, Northern Cyprus, Turkey)

Abstract

Countries encounter conflicting policy options in reaching fast development goals due to high resource use, rapid economic expansion, and environmental degradation. Thus, the present research examined the connection between CO 2 emissions and urbanization, globalization, hydroelectricity, and economic expansion in China utilizing data spanning the period between 1985 and 2018. The novel quantile-on-quantile (QQ) and quantile regression (QR) approaches were applied to assess this interconnection. The QQ approach is characterized by its ability to incorporate quantile regression fundamentals and non-parametric estimation research. As a result, the method appears to transform the quantile of one parameter into another. The QQ outcomes revealed that in all quantiles (0.1–0.95), gross domestic product (GDP), urbanization, and globalization trigger CO 2 emissions in China, while in each quantile (0.1–0.985), hydroelectricity consumption mitigates CO 2 emissions. The QR outcomes also affirmed the outcomes of the QQ regression estimates. Policies are suggested based on these findings.

Suggested Citation

  • Rahmi Deniz Özbay & Seyed Alireza Athari & Chafic Saliba & Dervis Kirikkaleli, 2022. "Towards Environmental Sustainability in China: Role of Globalization and Hydroelectricity Consumption," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-15, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:7:p:4182-:d:784540
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    3. Dongming Jiang & Fang Jia, 2022. "Extreme Spillover between Green Bonds and Clean Energy Markets," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-15, May.
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