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Valorized Food Processing By-Products in the EU: Finding the Balance between Safety, Nutrition, and Sustainability

Author

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  • Madhura Rao

    (Food Claims Centre Venlo, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Campus Venlo, 5900 AA Venlo, The Netherlands)

  • Aalt Bast

    (University College Venlo, Maastricht University Campus Venlo, 5900 AA Venlo, The Netherlands
    Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands)

  • Alie de Boer

    (Food Claims Centre Venlo, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Campus Venlo, 5900 AA Venlo, The Netherlands)

Abstract

Food businesses in the European Union are preparing for a carbon-neutral future by gradually transitioning to a circular way of operating. Building upon results from the EU REFRESH project, we consider the most valuable food processing by-streams in Europe and discuss potential food safety risks that must be considered while valorizing them for human consumption. These risks are weighed against the nutritional benefits offered by these products and their potential applications in food supply chains. Broadly, we examine whether it is possible for spent grains, cheese whey, fruit and vegetable scraps, meat processing waste, and oilseed cakes and meals to be safe, sustainable, and nutritionally valuable at the same time. The discussion highlights that valorizing by-products obtained from food processing operations is feasible on a large scale only if consumers deem it to be a safe and acceptable practice. Extracting valuable compounds from by-products and using them in the preparation of functional foods could be a way to gain consumer acceptance. Furthermore, we find that current EU food safety legislation does not sufficiently accommodate food processing by-products. A way to bridge this regulatory gap could be through the adoption of private food safety standards that have shown proclivity for sustainability-related issues in food supply chains. Finally, by proposing a decision tree, we show that it is indeed feasible for some food processing by-products to be valorized while ensuring sustainability, food safety, and nutritional relevance.

Suggested Citation

  • Madhura Rao & Aalt Bast & Alie de Boer, 2021. "Valorized Food Processing By-Products in the EU: Finding the Balance between Safety, Nutrition, and Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-18, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:8:p:4428-:d:537044
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ly, Tuyen B. & Trinh, Anh M.H. & Tran, Hau P.T. & Dang, Khoi N. & Nguyen, Thao D.T. & Tran, Viet T. & Le, Phung K., 2024. "Evaluation of an operating durian shell charcoal briquette manufacturing line and development of a biorefinery process for higher value products," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 307(C).
    2. Irina Smeu & Alina Alexandra Dobre & Elena Mirela Cucu & Gabriel Mustățea & Nastasia Belc & Elena Loredana Ungureanu, 2022. "Byproducts from the Vegetable Oil Industry: The Challenges of Safety and Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-13, February.
    3. Alexandros Georganas & Elisavet Giamouri & Athanasios C. Pappas & Evangelos Zoidis & Michael Goliomytis & Panagiotis Simitzis, 2023. "Utilization of Agro-Industrial By-Products for Sustainable Poultry Production," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-46, February.

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