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Innovative Techniques for Landscape Recovery after Clay Mining under Mediterranean Conditions

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  • Diana Turrión

    (Mediterranean Center for Environmental Studies (CEAM Foundation), Joint Research Unit University of Alicante-CEAM, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
    Both authors contributed equally to this study.)

  • Luna Morcillo

    (Mediterranean Center for Environmental Studies (CEAM Foundation), Joint Research Unit University of Alicante-CEAM, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
    Both authors contributed equally to this study.)

  • José Antonio Alloza

    (Mediterranean Center for Environmental Studies (CEAM Foundation), Joint Research Unit University of Alicante-CEAM, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain)

  • Alberto Vilagrosa

    (Mediterranean Center for Environmental Studies (CEAM Foundation), Joint Research Unit University of Alicante-CEAM, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
    Department of Ecology, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain)

Abstract

Open-pit mining results in profound modifications at different environmental scales that may persist for very long time periods, or even indefinitely. Considerable research efforts in mine reclamation strategies have been made, although reclamation failures are still common. In dry climates, such as in the Mediterranean Basin, successful actions may depend on features related to proper species selection and restoration techniques, which may substantially contribute to provide substrate stability and facilitate the regeneration of the main ecological processes. In this context, we developed the TECMINE case-study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and suitability of innovative restoration practices applied to clay-mine reclamation under Mediterranean conditions. The restoration strategy was designed at the landscape level with two main approaches: the recovery of natural geomorphology shapes and ecological restoration, including vegetation recovery and soil quality, based on proper reference ecosystems. After the geomorphological land remodeling, a combination of several innovative restoration techniques was implemented to reclaim plant communities and ecosystem functioning. These techniques involved: (i) accurate species selection according to microhabitat characteristics; (ii) high-quality plant production; (iii) surface remodeling to improve substrate stabilization; and (iv) implementing rainfall collection to enhance resources availability, soil fertility improvement and the amelioration of abiotic conditions for seedlings. Finally, we developed a monitoring program to assess the success of the implemented restoration techniques over time. The application of these innovative techniques has reported interesting results and represents a step forward in the improvement of mine restoration under Mediterranean climate.

Suggested Citation

  • Diana Turrión & Luna Morcillo & José Antonio Alloza & Alberto Vilagrosa, 2021. "Innovative Techniques for Landscape Recovery after Clay Mining under Mediterranean Conditions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-18, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:6:p:3439-:d:520713
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Bellot, Juan & Chirino, Esteban, 2013. "Hydrobal: An eco-hydrological modelling approach for assessing water balances in different vegetation types in semi-arid areas," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 266(C), pages 30-41.
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    4. Boyu Yang & Zhongke Bai & Yingui Cao & Feng Xie & Junjie Zhang & Yannan Wang, 2019. "Dynamic Changes in Carbon Sequestration from Opencast Mining Activities and Land Reclamation in China’s Loess Plateau," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-16, March.
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    1. María López Gómez & Giuseppe Cultrone, 2025. "Physico-Mechanical Properties and Decay Susceptibility of Clay Bricks After the Addition of Volcanic Ash from La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-18, July.

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