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How COVID-19 Pandemic Affected Urban Trips? Structural Interpretive Model of Online Shopping and Passengers Trips during the Pandemic

Author

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  • Mostafa Ghodsi

    (Department of Transportation Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14896-84511, Iran)

  • Ali Ardestani

    (Civil Engineering Department, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada)

  • Arash Rasaizadi

    (Department of Transportation Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14896-84511, Iran)

  • Seyednaser Ghadamgahi

    (Department of Tourism Management, Allame Tabataba’i University, Tehran 14896-84511, Iran)

  • Hao Yang

    (Civil Engineering Department, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada)

Abstract

Changing people’s shopping behavior from face-to-face to online shopping during the COVID-19 pandemic led to reduced shopping trips, and this decrease directly affects traffic congestion and air pollution. Identifying the factors influencing the increase of online shopping behavior during the pandemic can be helpful for policymakers in the post-COVID-19 era. This study aims to discover the effect of factors related to the COVID-19 pandemic and demographic characteristics on shopping attitude and, consequently, on shopping trips. Based on the interviews of ten experts, factors associated with COVID-19 and demographic characteristics are selected as influential factors on shopping attitude and shopping trips. For pairwise comparisons between these factors, a web-based questionnaire was designed and given to thirty experts. The relationship between all factors is examined using interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and Microscopic–Macroscopic (MICMAC) analysis. In addition, to prioritize factors, the IAHP model is employed. Based on the results, five levels of influential factors affect shopping attitude, which affects shopping trips: level 1, age and gender; level 2, income and education; level 3, the household size and the COVID-19 awareness; level 4, COVID-19 attitude and COVID-19 practice; and level 5, norm subject and shopping personal control.

Suggested Citation

  • Mostafa Ghodsi & Ali Ardestani & Arash Rasaizadi & Seyednaser Ghadamgahi & Hao Yang, 2021. "How COVID-19 Pandemic Affected Urban Trips? Structural Interpretive Model of Online Shopping and Passengers Trips during the Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-15, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:21:p:11995-:d:668146
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    1. Mostafa Ghodsi & Mahdad Pourmadadkar & Ali Ardestani & Seyednaser Ghadamgahi & Hao Yang, 2022. "Understanding the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Online Shopping and Travel Behaviour: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-18, October.
    2. Lukas Hartwig & Reinhard Hössinger & Yusak Octavius Susilo & Astrid Gühnemann, 2022. "The Impacts of a COVID-19 Related Lockdown (and Reopening Phases) on Time Use and Mobility for Activities in Austria—Results from a Multi-Wave Combined Survey," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-24, June.

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