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Moderating Effects of the Timing of Reward Determination and Performance Standards between Rewards and Self-Efficacy for Sustainable Intrinsic Motivation

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  • Joowoong Park

    (Moon Soul Graduate School of Future Strategy, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
    Policy & Cooperation Division, Korea Aerospace Research Institute, Daejeon 34133, Korea)

  • Jae-Suk Yang

    (Moon Soul Graduate School of Future Strategy, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea)

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to determine the moderating effects of the timing of reward determination and performance standards on the relationship between pay-for-performance and self-efficacy. It is an experimental study; the sample included 352 participants from Amazon Mechanical Turk, and an online experiment was conducted on an external website. The model was tested for mediation and moderation processes using regression analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed a mediating effect of self-efficacy between pay-for-performance and intrinsic motivation. A moderating effect of performance standards (absolute, relative, ambiguous) on the relationship between pay-for-performance and self-efficacy was also found. Moreover, performance standards were found to be more important moderators than the timing of reward determination. The theoretical contribution of this paper was to observe the concept of timing of reward determination and empirically validate self-determination theory. The results also infer that people measure their own efficacy or competence by comparing themselves with others more than with other performance standards. The use of absolute performance standards is recommended for sustainable self-efficacy and intrinsic motivation of employees. This study introduced the concept of the timing of reward determination (i.e., before or after completion of a performance-related task) and verified the moderating effect of performance standards.

Suggested Citation

  • Joowoong Park & Jae-Suk Yang, 2019. "Moderating Effects of the Timing of Reward Determination and Performance Standards between Rewards and Self-Efficacy for Sustainable Intrinsic Motivation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(17), pages 1-20, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:17:p:4619-:d:260833
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Hyunmin Choe & Yongwon Kim & Sungok Moon, 2022. "The Effect of Labor Flexibility on Financial Performance in Korea: The Moderating Effect of Labor Relations Climate," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-13, February.
    2. Heetae Park & Wonseok Choi & Seung-Wan Kang, 2020. "When Is the Negative Effect of Abusive Supervision on Task Performance Mitigated? An Empirical Study of Public Service Officers in Korea," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-10, June.
    3. Sara Cabanas & Teresa Proença & Mauro Carozzo-Todaro, 2020. "Pay for Individual Performance: Aiding or Harming Sustainable Intrinsic Motivation?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-13, August.

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