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Collective Intelligence: An Emerging World in Open Innovation

Author

Listed:
  • JinHyo Joseph Yun

    (Department of Open Innovation, Open Innovation Academy of SOItmC, Daegu Gyeongbuk Science and Technology Institute (DGIST), Daegu 429888, Korea)

  • EuiSeob Jeong

    (Seoul Capital Area Branch, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI), Seoul 02456, Korea)

  • Xiaofei Zhao

    (Department of Open Innovation, Open Innovation Academy of SOItmC, Daegu Gyeongbuk Science and Technology Institute (DGIST), Daegu 429888, Korea)

  • Sung Deuk Hahm

    (Korea Research Institute of Presidency (KIPS), Seoul 06306, Korea)

  • KyungHun Kim

    (Local Development Research Institute (LADI), Daegu 42768, Korea)

Abstract

Responding to the lack of empirical research on the effect of collective intelligence on open innovation in the fourth industrial revolution, we examined the relationship between collective intelligence and open innovation. Collective intelligence or crowd innovation not only produces creative ideas or inventions, but also moderates any firm to innovate inside-out, outside-in, or in a coupled manner. We asked the following research questions: Does collective intelligence (or crowd innovation) motivate open innovation? Is there any difference in the effect of collective intelligence on open innovation by industry? These research questions led to the following three hypotheses: (1) Collective intelligence increases the performance of a firm, (2) collective intelligence will moderate the effect of open innovation, and (3) differences exist between the automotive industry and the pharmaceutical industry in these two effects. To empirically examine these three hypotheses, we analyzed the registered patents of these two industries from 2000 to 2014 over a 15-year period. These automotive and pharmaceutical patents were registered in the B60 category and the A61K category of the Korea Patent office, respectively. Collective intelligence was measured by co-invention. We found differences in the effects of collective intelligence on open innovation between the two industries. In the automotive industry, collective intelligence not only directly increased the performance, but also indirectly moderated the open innovation effect. However, this was not the case for the pharmaceutical industry.

Suggested Citation

  • JinHyo Joseph Yun & EuiSeob Jeong & Xiaofei Zhao & Sung Deuk Hahm & KyungHun Kim, 2019. "Collective Intelligence: An Emerging World in Open Innovation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(16), pages 1-15, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:16:p:4495-:d:259032
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    Cited by:

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    3. Hoskins, Jake D. & Carson, Stephen J., 2022. "Industry conditions, market share, and the firm’s ability to derive business-line profitability from diverse technological portfolios," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 178-192.
    4. Shuanping Dai & Guanzhong Yang, 2020. "Does Social Inducement Lead to Higher Open Innovation Investment? An Experimental Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-17, March.
    5. Nobari, Niloofar & Dehkordi, Ali Mobini, 2023. "Innovation intelligence in managing co-creation process between tech-enabled corporations and startups," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 186(PB).
    6. Shuichiro Kajima & Yuta Uchiyama & Ryo Kohsaka, 2020. "Intellectual Property Strategies for Timber and Forest Products: The Case of Regional Collective Trademark Applications by Japanese Forestry Associations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-16, March.

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