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The Measurement of Innovation: A Systematic Review and Bibliometric Analysis of Global Innovation Index Research

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  • Marcelo Pereira Duarte

    (Centre for Business and Economics Research CeBER, Faculty of Economics, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal)

  • Fernando Manuel Pereira de Oliveira Carvalho

    (Centre for Business and Economics Research CeBER, Faculty of Economics, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal)

Abstract

The purpose of this review is to synthesise the accumulated knowledge on Global Innovation Index (GII) research. We utilised a corpus from the Web of Science Core Collection to systematically examine the antecedents, consequences, and relationships among the GII’s dimensions. Additionally, we employed the bibliometric techniques of bibliographic coupling and co-citation analysis to identify the leading areas of GII research and the foundational literature in this field. Our systematic review of GII empirical research allowed us to graphically represent the significant relationships among its dimensions. The findings from the bibliographic coupling revealed five recent lines of investigation in GII research: configurational methods; innovation efficiency and policy; competitiveness, entrepreneurship, and sustainable development; innovation rankings; and culture. Furthermore, the co-citation analysis highlighted four clusters of literature that have contributed to GII research. We aim to enhance the field of Innovation Studies by showcasing the current state of research on the GII, one of the most promising tools for measuring innovation activity, and to provide insights into potential future research avenues to further develop this area of study.

Suggested Citation

  • Marcelo Pereira Duarte & Fernando Manuel Pereira de Oliveira Carvalho, 2025. "The Measurement of Innovation: A Systematic Review and Bibliometric Analysis of Global Innovation Index Research," Publications, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-30, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jpubli:v:13:y:2025:i:3:p:31-:d:1688209
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