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Integrating ANNs and Cellular Automata–Markov Chain to Simulate Urban Expansion with Annual Land Use Data

Author

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  • Tingting Xu

    (School of Software Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China)

  • Dingjie Zhou

    (Yunnan Institute of Surveying and Mapping Engineering, Kunming 650033, China)

  • Yuhua Li

    (The Institute of Chongqing Planning and Nature Resource Surveying and Monitoring, Chongqing 401121, China)

Abstract

Accurately simulating and predicting the urban expansion process, especially in expeditious urbanization areas, is an important aspect of managing limited land resources and adjusting flawed land use policies. This research was conducted on the basis of a high-temporal-resolution land use dataset to precisely model urban expansion in a rapidly developing zone by integrating the Artificial Neural Network (ANN), cellular automata (CA), and Markov Chain (MC). An urban suitability index (USI) map was created using ANN and fed to CA–MC to identify possible changed-to-urban cells. Two ANNs, multiple-layer perceptron (MLP) and long short-term memory network (LSTM), were implemented as simulation models for comparison. Due to its ability to capture more temporal information, LSTM outperformed MLP in modeling urban expansion dynamics over a short temporal interval. The simulated results were validated by (fuzzy) kappa simulation and the results revealed that the combination of ANN and CA–MC can precisely model the urban development locations due to its strength in revealing the nonlinear relationship between the expansion process and its drivers. The same model was applied to southern Auckland, and the compared results show that the most simulated variance is caused by the land use policies implemented by different types of governments.

Suggested Citation

  • Tingting Xu & Dingjie Zhou & Yuhua Li, 2022. "Integrating ANNs and Cellular Automata–Markov Chain to Simulate Urban Expansion with Annual Land Use Data," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-15, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:7:p:1074-:d:862483
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    Cited by:

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    4. Yangyang Yuan & Yuchen Yang & Ruijun Wang & Yuning Cheng, 2022. "Predicting Rural Ecological Space Boundaries in the Urban Fringe Area Based on Bayesian Network: A Case Study in Nanjing, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-24, October.

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