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The Impact of Morning Meditation and Sleep Quality on Affective and Health Outcomes in Healthcare Workers

Author

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  • Ana Junça-Silva

    (Business Research Unit (BRU-UNIDE-IUL), Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE—IUL), 1649-026 Lisbon, Portugal)

  • Marisa Kulyk

    (Business Research Unit (BRU-UNIDE-IUL), Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE—IUL), 1649-026 Lisbon, Portugal)

  • António Caetano

    (Business Research Unit (BRU-UNIDE-IUL), Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE—IUL), 1649-026 Lisbon, Portugal
    APPSYCI—Applied Psychology Research Center Capabilities & Inclusion_APPsyCI, ISPA, 1149-041 Lisboa, Portugal)

Abstract

Background: Health is a critical factor influencing key workplace outcomes, including job attitudes, behaviors, and performance. This study investigated the role of daily micro-breaks, specifically morning meditation practices, and positive affective experiences (i.e., positive affect) at work in predicting health-related outcomes, namely vitality and mental health. Using a non-experimental design, this study tested a moderated mediation model in which sleep quality moderates the relationship between morning meditation and positive affect, which, in turn, predicts end-of-the-day health-related outcomes. Methodology: Data were collected twice a day from 44 healthcare employees over five consecutive workdays using a daily survey approach. Key Results: Multilevel modeling analyses revealed that morning meditation was significantly associated with increased positive affect and improved health indicators at the end of the workday. Moreover, sleep quality moderated the relationship between morning meditation and positive affect, such that the conditional indirect effect of meditation on end-of-day mental health and vitality via positive affect was significant when sleep quality from the preceding night was poor. Conclusions: These findings underscore the interactive effect of prior-night sleep quality and morning meditation on affective and health-related outcomes by the end of the day. By identifying sleep quality as a key boundary condition, we contribute to a more nuanced understanding of when meditation is most beneficial. Our findings have significant implications for both research and practice, particularly in high-stress environments such as healthcare, where optimizing employee well-being is crucial for both individual and organizational performance.

Suggested Citation

  • Ana Junça-Silva & Marisa Kulyk & António Caetano, 2025. "The Impact of Morning Meditation and Sleep Quality on Affective and Health Outcomes in Healthcare Workers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 22(4), pages 1-22, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:22:y:2025:i:4:p:592-:d:1631463
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Warr, Peter & Bindl, Uta K. & Parker, Sharon K. & Inceoglu, Ilke, 2014. "Four-quadrant investigation of job-related affects and behaviours," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 53129, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    4. Chirag Dagar & Ashish Pandey & Ajinkya Navare, 2022. "How Yoga-Based Practices Build Altruistic Behavior? Examining the Role of Subjective Vitality, Self-transcendence, and Psychological Capital," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 175(1), pages 191-206, January.
    5. Gretchen Spreitzer & Kathleen Sutcliffe & Jane Dutton & Scott Sonenshein & Adam M. Grant, 2005. "A Socially Embedded Model of Thriving at Work," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 16(5), pages 537-549, October.
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