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Evidence of the Relationship between Social Vulnerability and the Spread of COVID-19 in Urban Spaces

Author

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  • Federico Benjamín Galacho-Jiménez

    (Geographical Analysis Group, Department of Geography, University of Malaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain)

  • David Carruana-Herrera

    (Departament of Geography, University of Malaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain)

  • Julián Molina

    (Department of Applied Economics, University of Malaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain)

  • José Damián Ruiz-Sinoga

    (Physical Geography and Territory Group, Department of Geography, University of Malaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain)

Abstract

Modeling the social-spatial structure of urban spaces can facilitate the development of guidelines aimed at curbing the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic while also acting as an instrument that helps decision-making concerning mitigation policies. The modeling process starts with categorization of urban spaces based on the concept of social vulnerability. A model is created based on this concept and the theory of analysis of social areas. Statistical techniques of factor analysis and geostatistics are applied. This generates a map of social differentiation that, when related to data on the evolution of the contagion, generates a multidimensional model of social vulnerability. The application of this model towards people (social structure) and the environment where they live (spatial structure) is specified. Our model assumes the uniqueness of cities, and it is intended to be a broadly applicable model that can be extrapolated to other urban areas if pertinent revisions are made. Our work demonstrates that aspects of the social and urban structures may be validly used to analyze and explain the spatial spread of COVID-19.

Suggested Citation

  • Federico Benjamín Galacho-Jiménez & David Carruana-Herrera & Julián Molina & José Damián Ruiz-Sinoga, 2022. "Evidence of the Relationship between Social Vulnerability and the Spread of COVID-19 in Urban Spaces," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-22, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:9:p:5336-:d:803837
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    1. Federico Benjamín Galacho-Jiménez & David Carruana-Herrera & Julián Molina & José Damián Ruiz-Sinoga, 2022. "Tempo-Spatial Modelling of the Spread of COVID-19 in Urban Spaces," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-17, August.
    2. Peng Cui & Zhiyu Dong & Xin Yao & Yifei Cao & Yifan Sun & Lan Feng, 2022. "What Makes Urban Communities More Resilient to COVID-19? A Systematic Review of Current Evidence," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-15, August.
    3. Chan Xu & Qi An & Zichuan Guo & Xuemei Yu & Jie Zhang & Kui Tang, 2023. "Comparative Study on Socio-Spatial Structures of the Typical Plain Cities of Chengdu and Beijing in Transitional China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-32, February.
    4. Juan Francisco Sortino Barrionuevo & Hugo Castro Noblejas & María Jesús Perles Roselló, 2022. "Mapping the Risk of COVID-19 Contagion at Urban Scale," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-24, September.

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