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The Importance of Contextualized Psychosocial Risk Indicators in Workplace Stress Assessment: Evidence from the Healthcare Sector

Author

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  • Luca Menghini

    (Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy)

  • Cristian Balducci

    (Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy)

Abstract

The routine assessment of workplace stress is mostly based on standardized self-report tools, including generic psychosocial risk indicators (G-PRIs) designed to fit very heterogeneous occupational sectors. However, the use “by default” of such indicators might be inadequate when they fail to characterize the specificity of the work environment; hence, the inclusion of more contextualized indicators (C-PRIs) has been recommended. We aimed at evaluating the additional contribution of three C-PRIs (Work–Family Conflict, Emotional Demands, and Excessive Demands from Patients) in predicting individual outcomes (Emotional Exhaustion, Turnover Intentions) compared to commonly used G-PRIs (e.g., Demand, Control, Support), in a sample of 787 healthcare workers involved in a routine workplace stress assessment. Multilevel hierarchical regression supported the additional contributions of C-PRIs in predicting both outcomes over G-PRIs, sex, age and shift work. More robust and consistent evidence emerged for Emotional Exhaustion, which was significantly predicted by all C-PRIs, whereas Turnover Intentions was only predicted by the C-PRI Emotional Demands. Importantly, not all G-PRIs showed a relationship with the two outcomes. Taken together, our results support the importance of including C-PRIs in workplace stress assessment carried out by organizations, which should be selected based on literature search and discussion with the stakeholders.

Suggested Citation

  • Luca Menghini & Cristian Balducci, 2021. "The Importance of Contextualized Psychosocial Risk Indicators in Workplace Stress Assessment: Evidence from the Healthcare Sector," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-13, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:6:p:3263-:d:521675
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    1. Hamparsum Bozdogan, 1987. "Model selection and Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC): The general theory and its analytical extensions," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 52(3), pages 345-370, September.
    2. Kate Sparks & Cary L. Cooper, 2013. "Occupational Differences in the Work-Strain Relationship: Towards the Use of Situation-Specific Models," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Cary L. Cooper (ed.), From Stress to Wellbeing Volume 1, chapter 15, pages 315-326, Palgrave Macmillan.
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    2. César Torres-Martín & Inmaculada Alemany-Arrebola & Manuel Enrique Lorenzo-Martín & Ángel Custodio Mingorance-Estrada, 2021. "Psychological Distress and Psychosocial Factors in the Non-Formal Context of Basketball Coaches in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-21, August.

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