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Governance of Assisted Living in Long-Term Care: A Systematic Literature Review

Author

Listed:
  • Luting Poh

    (Memory Aging and Cognition Centre, Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Dr., Singapore 119260, Singapore)

  • Si-Ying Tan

    (Leadership Institute for Global Health Transformation, Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 21 Lower Kent Ridge Rd., Singapore 119260, Singapore)

  • Jeremy Lim

    (Leadership Institute for Global Health Transformation, Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 21 Lower Kent Ridge Rd., Singapore 119260, Singapore)

Abstract

Assisted living (AL) is an emerging model of care in countries where long-term care needs are escalating, with emphasis given to promoting independence and autonomy among the residents to achieve active and healthy ageing. Unlike established nursing homes, the governance of AL is nebulous due to its novelty and diverse nature of operations in many jurisdictions. A comprehensive understanding of how AL is governed globally is important to inform regulatory policies as the adoption of AL increases. A systematic literature review was undertaken to understand the different levels of regulations that need to be instituted to govern AL effectively. A total of 65 studies, conducted between 1990 to 2020, identified from three major databases (PubMed, Medline, and Scopus), were included. Using a thematic synthesis analytical approach, we identified macro-level regulations (operational authorisation, care quality assessment and infrastructural requirements), meso-level regulations (operational management, staff management and distribution, service provision and care monitoring, and crisis management), and micro-level regulations (clear criteria for resident admission and staff hiring) that are important in the governance of AL. Large-scale adoption of AL without compromising the quality, equity and affordability would require clear provisions of micro-, meso- and macro-level regulations.

Suggested Citation

  • Luting Poh & Si-Ying Tan & Jeremy Lim, 2021. "Governance of Assisted Living in Long-Term Care: A Systematic Literature Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-37, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:21:p:11352-:d:667306
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Birte Snilstveit & Sandy Oliver & Martina Vojtkova, 2012. "Narrative approaches to systematic review and synthesis of evidence for international development policy and practice," Journal of Development Effectiveness, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 4(3), pages 409-429, September.
    2. John R. Bowblis, 2012. "Market Structure, Competition from Assisted Living Facilities, and Quality in the Nursing Home Industry," Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 34(2), pages 238-257.
    3. Tan, Si Ying & Taeihagh, Araz & Tripathi, Abhas, 2021. "Tensions and antagonistic interactions of risks and ethics of using robotics and autonomous systems in long-term care," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    4. Amilon, Anna & Ladenburg, Jacob & Siren, Anu & Vernstrøm Østergaard, Stine, 2020. "Willingness to pay for long-term home care services: Evidence from a stated preferences analysis," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 17(C).
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