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Risk and Protective Factors for Bullying at 11 Years of Age in a Spanish Birth Cohort Study

Author

Listed:
  • Izaro Babarro

    (Faculty of Psychology of the University of the Basque Country, 20018 Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain
    Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Group of Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development, 20014 Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain)

  • Ainara Andiarena

    (Faculty of Psychology of the University of the Basque Country, 20018 Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain
    Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Group of Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development, 20014 Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain)

  • Eduardo Fano

    (Faculty of Psychology of the University of the Basque Country, 20018 Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain
    Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Group of Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development, 20014 Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain)

  • Nerea Lertxundi

    (Faculty of Psychology of the University of the Basque Country, 20018 Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain
    Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Group of Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development, 20014 Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain)

  • Martine Vrijheid

    (Biomedical Research Centre Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
    ISGlobal—Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
    Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08002 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Jordi Julvez

    (Biomedical Research Centre Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
    ISGlobal—Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
    Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, 43204 Reus, Spain)

  • Florencia B. Barreto

    (Faculty of Psychology of the University of the Basque Country, 20018 Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain
    Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Group of Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development, 20014 Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain)

  • Serena Fossati

    (ISGlobal—Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Jesus Ibarluzea

    (Faculty of Psychology of the University of the Basque Country, 20018 Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain
    Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Group of Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development, 20014 Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain
    Biomedical Research Centre Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Health Department of Basque Government, Sub-directorate of Public Health of Gipuzkoa, 20013 Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain)

Abstract

(1) Background: Bullying affects a large number of children worldwide. This study has two objectives, to provide data on the prevalence of bullying in Spain, and to identify risk and protective factors associated with bullying. (2) Methods: Participants were 858 eleven-year-old children. Bullying was assessed using a short version of the Olweus Bully Victim Questionnaire, and the following data were gathered to explore potential predictors: individual (inattention, behavior problems, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptomatology, traumatic life events), family-related (sociodemographic characteristics, family context, child-parent relations), school-related (school characteristics, peer and social support, school environment) and community-related data. (3) Results: 9.3% of the children were victims, 1.4% bullies and 1.6% bully-victims. Results showed that a higher level of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptomatology increased the risk of victimization, whereas having better relationships with parents and stronger social support were associated with a lower risk of victimization. Children having strong peer relationships and social support was also associated with less risk of perpetrating bullying. Finally, having behavior problems at 8 years of age was associated with being a bully-victim. (4) Conclusions: The findings emphasize the importance of studying all bullying predictors together, regarding three of the roles children may take in bullying situations.

Suggested Citation

  • Izaro Babarro & Ainara Andiarena & Eduardo Fano & Nerea Lertxundi & Martine Vrijheid & Jordi Julvez & Florencia B. Barreto & Serena Fossati & Jesus Ibarluzea, 2020. "Risk and Protective Factors for Bullying at 11 Years of Age in a Spanish Birth Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-19, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:12:p:4428-:d:373984
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tippett, N. & Wolke, D., 2014. "Socioeconomic status and bullying: A meta-analysis," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 104(6), pages 48-59.
    2. repec:cup:judgdm:v:2:y:2007:i::p:225-233 is not listed on IDEAS
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    Cited by:

    1. Md Irteja Islam & Verity Chadwick & Tuguy Esgin & Alexandra Martiniuk, 2022. "Bullied Because of Their Teeth: Evidence from a Longitudinal Study on the Impact of Oral Health on Bullying Victimization among Australian Indigenous Children," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-16, April.

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