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Does Cardiorespiratory Fitness Moderate the Association between Occupational Stress, Cardiovascular Risk, and Mental Health in Police Officers?

Author

Listed:
  • René Schilling

    (Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, 4052 Basel, Switzerland)

  • Flora Colledge

    (Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, 4052 Basel, Switzerland)

  • Sebastian Ludyga

    (Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, 4052 Basel, Switzerland)

  • Uwe Pühse

    (Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, 4052 Basel, Switzerland)

  • Serge Brand

    (Center for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders, Psychiatric Clinics of the University of Basel, 4052 Basel, Switzerland)

  • Markus Gerber

    (Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, 4052 Basel, Switzerland)

Abstract

Background: Chronic exposure to occupational stress may lead to negative health consequences. Creating less stressful work environments and making employees physically and psychologically more resilient against stress are therefore two major public health concerns. This study examined whether cardiorespiratory fitness moderated the association between occupational stress, cardiovascular risk, and mental health. Methods: Stress was assessed via the Effort-Reward Imbalance and Job Demand-Control models in 201 police officers (36% women, Mage = 38.6 years). Higher levels of blood pressure, blood lipids, blood sugar, and unfavorable body composition were considered as cardiovascular risk factors. Burnout, insomnia and overall psychological distress were used as mental health indicators. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed with a submaximal bicycle test. Results: High cardiorespiratory fitness levels were associated with a reduced cardiometabolic risk, whereas high stress levels were associated with better mental health. Among participants who perceived a high Effort-Reward Imbalance, those with high fitness levels showed lower overall cardiovascular risk scores than their colleagues with low fitness levels. Conclusions: Work health programs for police officers should consider the early screening of burnout, sleep disturbances, and overall mental wellbeing. To increase cardiovascular health, including fitness tests in routine health checks and promoting physical activity to further increase cardiorespiratory fitness appears worthwhile.

Suggested Citation

  • René Schilling & Flora Colledge & Sebastian Ludyga & Uwe Pühse & Serge Brand & Markus Gerber, 2019. "Does Cardiorespiratory Fitness Moderate the Association between Occupational Stress, Cardiovascular Risk, and Mental Health in Police Officers?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-19, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:13:p:2349-:d:245203
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    Cited by:

    1. Alexandra Marcos & Cristina García-Ael & Gabriela Topa, 2020. "The Influence of Work Resources, Demands, and Organizational Culture on Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, and Citizenship Behaviors of Spanish Police Officers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-21, October.
    2. Zongyu Liu & Liangyu Zhao & Shuzhen Wang & Yubo Gao & Liguo Zhang, 2022. "The Association between Occupational Stress and Mental Health among Chinese Soccer Referees in the Early Stage of Reopening Soccer Matches during the COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak: A Moderated Mediation ," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-16, December.
    3. Virginia Navajas-Romero & Antonio Ariza-Montes & Felipe Hernández-Perlines, 2020. "Analyzing the Job Demands-Control-Support Model in Work-Life Balance: A Study among Nurses in the European Context," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-17, April.
    4. Zacharias Papadakis & Andreas Stamatis & Filip Kukic & Nenad Koropanovski, 2021. "Moving Past the One-Size-Fits-All Education-Training Model of Police Academies to the Self-Prescribed Individualized Exercise Prescription Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-19, November.

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