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‘Obesogenic’ School Food Environments? An Urban Case Study in The Netherlands

Author

Listed:
  • Joris Timmermans

    (Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8a, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands)

  • Coosje Dijkstra

    (Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU-University, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands)

  • Carlijn Kamphuis

    (Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, P.O. Box 80140, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands)

  • Marlijn Huitink

    (Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU-University, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands)

  • Egbert Van der Zee

    (Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8a, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands)

  • Maartje Poelman

    (Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8a, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands)

Abstract

(1) Background: This study aimed to explore and define socio-economic (SES) differences in urban school food environments in The Netherlands. (2) Methods: Retail food outlets, ready-to-eat products, in-store food promotions and food advertisements in public space were determined within 400 m walking distance of all secondary schools in the 4th largest city of The Netherlands. Fisher’s exact tests were conducted. (3) Results: In total, 115 retail outlets sold ready-to-eat food and drink products during school hours. Fast food outlets were more often in the vicinity of schools in lower SES (28.6%) than in higher SES areas (11.5%). In general, unhealthy options (e.g., fried snacks, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB)) were more often for sale, in-store promoted or advertised in comparison with healthy options (e.g., fruit, vegetables, bottled water). Sport/energy drinks were more often for sale, and fried snacks/fries, hamburgers/kebab and SSB were more often promoted or advertised in lower SES areas than in higher SES-areas. (4) Conclusion: In general, unhealthy food options were more often presented than the healthy options, but only a few SES differences were observed. The results, however, imply that efforts in all school areas are needed to make the healthy option the default option during school time.

Suggested Citation

  • Joris Timmermans & Coosje Dijkstra & Carlijn Kamphuis & Marlijn Huitink & Egbert Van der Zee & Maartje Poelman, 2018. "‘Obesogenic’ School Food Environments? An Urban Case Study in The Netherlands," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-14, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:4:p:619-:d:138487
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Davis, B. & Carpenter, C., 2009. "Proximity of fast-food restaurants to schools and adolescent obesity," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 99(3), pages 505-510.
    2. Christina Vogel & Daniel Lewis & Georgia Ntani & Steven Cummins & Cyrus Cooper & Graham Moon & Janis Baird, 2017. "The relationship between dietary quality and the local food environment differs according to level of educational attainment: A cross-sectional study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(8), pages 1-16, August.
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    1. Catalina Londoño-Cañola & Gemma Serral & Julia Díez & Alba Martínez-García & Manuel Franco & Lucía Artazcoz & Carlos Ariza, 2022. "Retail Food Environment around Schools in Barcelona by Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status: Implications for Local Food Policy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-12, December.
    2. Morentho Cornelia Phetla & Linda Skaal, 2023. "Scanning for Obesogenicity of Primary School Environments in Tshwane, Gauteng, South Africa," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(19), pages 1-13, October.

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