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Ecohealth Approach to Urban Waste Management: Exposure to Environmental Pollutants and Health Risks in Yamoussoukro, Côte d’Ivoire

Author

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  • Parfait K. Kouamé

    (Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences de la Terre et des Ressources Minières, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire
    Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. Frenace)

  • Kouassi Dongo

    (Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences de la Terre et des Ressources Minières, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire
    Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. Frenace)

  • Hung Nguyen-Viet

    (International Livestock Research Institute, 17A Nguyen Khang Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
    Centre for Public Health and Ecosystem Research, Hanoi School of Public Health, 138 Giang Vo Street, Hanoi, Vietnam
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box 4002 Basel, Switzerland
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Basel, P.O. Box number, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland)

  • Christian Zurbrügg

    (Sandec-Department of Water and Sanitation in Developing Countries, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, CH-8600, Switzerland)

  • Christoph Lüthi

    (Sandec-Department of Water and Sanitation in Developing Countries, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, CH-8600, Switzerland)

  • Jan Hattendorf

    (Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box 4002 Basel, Switzerland
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Basel, P.O. Box number, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland)

  • Jürg Utzinger

    (Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box 4002 Basel, Switzerland
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Basel, P.O. Box number, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland)

  • Jean Biémi

    (Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences de la Terre et des Ressources Minières, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire)

  • Bassirou Bonfoh

    (Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. Frenace)

Abstract

Poor waste management is a key driver of ill-health in urban settlements of developing countries. The current study aimed at assessing environmental and human health risks related to urban waste management in Yamoussoukro, the political capital of Côte d’Ivoire. We undertook trans-disciplinary research within an Ecohealth approach, comprised of a participatory workshop with stakeholders and mapping of exposure patterns. A total of 492 randomly selected households participated in a cross-sectional survey. Waste deposit sites were characterised and 108 wastewater samples were subjected to laboratory examinations. The physico-chemical parameters of the surface water (temperature, pH, conductivity, potential oxidise reduction, BOD 5 , COD, dissolved oxygen, nitrates, ammonia and total Kendal nitrogen) did not comply with World Health Organization standards of surface water quality. Questionnaire results showed that malaria was the most commonly reported disease. Diarrhoea and malaria were associated with poor sanitation. Households having dry latrines had a higher risk of diarrhoea (odds ratio (OR) = 1.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2–2.7) compared to latrines with septic tanks and also a higher risk for malaria (OR = 1.9, 95% (CI) 1.1–3.3). Our research showed that combining health and environmental assessments enables a deeper understanding of environmental threats and disease burdens linked to poor waste management. Further study should investigate the sanitation strategy aspects that could reduce the environmental and health risks in the study area.

Suggested Citation

  • Parfait K. Kouamé & Kouassi Dongo & Hung Nguyen-Viet & Christian Zurbrügg & Christoph Lüthi & Jan Hattendorf & Jürg Utzinger & Jean Biémi & Bassirou Bonfoh, 2014. "Ecohealth Approach to Urban Waste Management: Exposure to Environmental Pollutants and Health Risks in Yamoussoukro, Côte d’Ivoire," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-18, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:11:y:2014:i:10:p:10292-10309:d:40902
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Won, Gayeon & Kline, Terence R. & LeJeune, Jeffrey T., 2013. "Spatial-temporal variations of microbial water quality in surface reservoirs and canals used for irrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 73-78.
    2. Jamie Bartram & Sandy Cairncross, 2010. "Hygiene, Sanitation, and Water: Forgotten Foundations of Health," Working Papers id:3325, eSocialSciences.
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    1. Steven Lam & Hung Nguyen-Viet & Tran Thi Tuyet-Hanh & Huong Nguyen-Mai & Sherilee Harper, 2015. "Evidence for Public Health Risks of Wastewater and Excreta Management Practices in Southeast Asia: A Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-23, October.
    2. Lucía Salguero-Puerta & Juan Carlos Leyva-Díaz & Francisco Joaquín Cortés-García & Valentín Molina-Moreno, 2019. "Sustainability Indicators Concerning Waste Management for Implementation of the Circular Economy Model on the University of Lome (Togo) Campus," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-21, June.

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