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Enhancing the Performance of Natural Ester Insulating Liquids in Power Transformers: A Comprehensive Review on Antioxidant Additives for Improved Oxidation Stability

Author

Listed:
  • Esther Ogwa Obebe

    (Canada Research Chair Tier 1 in Aging of Oil-Filled Equipment on High Voltage Lines (ViAHT), University of Quebec at Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC G7H 2B1, Canada)

  • Yazid Hadjadj

    (Metrology Research Center, National Research Council, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada)

  • Samson Okikiola Oparanti

    (Canada Research Chair Tier 1 in Aging of Oil-Filled Equipment on High Voltage Lines (ViAHT), University of Quebec at Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC G7H 2B1, Canada)

  • Issouf Fofana

    (Canada Research Chair Tier 1 in Aging of Oil-Filled Equipment on High Voltage Lines (ViAHT), University of Quebec at Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC G7H 2B1, Canada)

Abstract

The reliability of the electrical grid is vital to economic prosperity and quality of life. Power transformers, key components of transmission and distribution systems, represent major capital investments. Traditionally, these machines have relied on petroleum-based mineral oil as an insulating liquid. However, with a global shift toward sustainability, renewable insulating materials like natural esters are gaining attention due to their environmental and fire safety benefits. These biodegradable liquids are poised to replace hydrocarbon-based oils in transformers, aligning with Sustainable Development Goals 7 and 13 by promoting clean energy and climate action. Despite their advantages, natural esters face challenges in high-voltage applications, particularly due to oxidation stability issues linked to their fatty acid composition. Various antioxidants have been explored to address this, with synthetic antioxidants proving more effective than natural ones, especially under high-temperature conditions. Their superior thermal stability ensures that natural esters retain their cooling and dielectric properties, essential for transformer performance. Furthermore, integrating machine learning and artificial intelligence in antioxidant development and monitoring presents a transformative opportunity. This review provides insights into the role of antioxidants in natural ester-filled power equipment, supporting their broader adoption and contributing to a more sustainable energy future.

Suggested Citation

  • Esther Ogwa Obebe & Yazid Hadjadj & Samson Okikiola Oparanti & Issouf Fofana, 2025. "Enhancing the Performance of Natural Ester Insulating Liquids in Power Transformers: A Comprehensive Review on Antioxidant Additives for Improved Oxidation Stability," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-34, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:7:p:1690-:d:1622435
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    References listed on IDEAS

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