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Offshore Wind Farm Supply Chains and Regional Development: The Role of Ports in Economic and Logistical Growth in the Central Baltic Region

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  • Weronika Kosek

    (Faculty of Economics, Koszalin University of Technology, 75-453 Koszalin, Poland)

  • Waldemar Woźniak

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Zielona Gora, 65-001 Zielona Gora, Poland)

  • Norbert Chamier-Gliszczynski

    (Faculty of Economics, Koszalin University of Technology, 75-453 Koszalin, Poland)

  • Wiesław Staniuk

    (Institute of Management, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, 76-200 Słupsk, Poland)

Abstract

The development of offshore wind energy has emerged as a key driver of economic growth and energy transition in Europe, with the Baltic Sea region playing a crucial role in this transformation. This paper examines the impact of offshore wind farm (OWF) supply chains on regional economic development, focusing on the strategic role of ports in facilitating these operations. Particular emphasis is placed on Port Ustka, which has been identified as a potential logistics and service hub for offshore wind projects in Poland’s Exclusive Economic Zone. The study explores the integration of local ports into offshore wind supply chains and their contribution to industrial development, job creation, and infrastructure modernization. Through an analysis of infrastructure parameters, logistical capabilities, and economic impacts, the paper assesses the feasibility of Port Ustka as a service base for major offshore wind projects, such as Baltica 2 and 3. The findings highlight the importance of port infrastructure investments, supply chain optimization, and policy support in maximizing the economic benefits of offshore wind development. By evaluating the challenges and opportunities associated with offshore wind logistics, this paper provides strategic insights for policymakers, investors, and industry stakeholders. The research underscores the necessity of modernizing port facilities, improving transport connections, and fostering local supply chain participation to enhance the efficiency and sustainability of offshore wind operations in the Central Baltic Region.

Suggested Citation

  • Weronika Kosek & Waldemar Woźniak & Norbert Chamier-Gliszczynski & Wiesław Staniuk, 2025. "Offshore Wind Farm Supply Chains and Regional Development: The Role of Ports in Economic and Logistical Growth in the Central Baltic Region," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-21, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:10:p:2599-:d:1658158
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Weronika Kosek & Norbert Chamier-Gliszczynski & Waldemar Woźniak & Roland Jachimowski, 2024. "The Role of Polish Local Ports on the Central Baltic Coast in the Development of Offshore Wind Farms," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-17, December.
    2. Govindan, Kannan, 2023. "Pathways to low carbon energy transition through multi criteria assessment of offshore wind energy barriers," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    3. Sobotka, Anna & Rowicki, Marcin & Badyda, Krzysztof & Sobotka, Piotr, 2021. "Regulatory aspects and electricity production analysis of an offshore wind farm in the Baltic Sea," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 315-326.
    4. Agnieszka Brelik & Piotr Nowaczyk & Katarzyna Cheba, 2023. "The Economic Importance of Offshore Wind Energy Development in Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-23, November.
    5. Marcin Olkiewicz & Joanna Alicja Dyczkowska & Anna Maria Olkiewicz, 2023. "Financial Aspects of Energy Investments in the Era of Shaping Stable Energy Development in Poland: A Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-21, November.
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