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Biomass-Fueled Organic Rankine Cycles: State of the Art and Future Trends

Author

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  • Parisa Heidarnejad

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul Gedik University, 34876 Istanbul, Türkiye)

  • Hadi Genceli

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, 34349 Istanbul, Türkiye)

  • Nasim Hashemian

    (Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417853111, Iran)

  • Mustafa Asker

    (Faculty of Engineering, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Central Campus, 09010 Aydın, Türkiye)

  • Mohammad Al-Rawi

    (Faculty of Engineering, Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
    Centre for Engineering and Industrial Design, Waikato Institute of Technology, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand)

Abstract

Biomass-fueled organic Rankine cycles (ORCs) are widely utilized technologies for power production because of their simplicity, low cost, and relatively high efficiencies. Furthermore, raw material availability and topographical independency make these systems preferable to other renewable-fueled power generation systems. A deep and comprehensive understanding of biomass-fueled organic Rankine cycles will provide researchers with a solid foundation to prioritize their investigations and assist future developments in this field. In this regard, feedstocks and their properties, biomass conversion mechanisms, and biomass-fueled power generation systems are discussed in this study. Power generation technologies based on coal and waste as feedstock have been widely investigated in the literature due to higher energy content and technological maturity. Additionally, depending on the type of biomass available, the scale of the power plant, and economic and environmental considerations, the most common technologies utilized for biomass conversion are combustion, gasification, and anaerobic digestion. Finally, the authors investigate various aspects of biomass-fueled organic Rankine cycles, including working fluids, analysis methods, and environmental issues. Since maximizing product yield is key in biomass-based power generation systems, technical assessment of these systems has been a primary focus of many studies. Further research is required on integrated environmental and socio-economic approaches, along with Machine Learning algorithms. Future advancements focusing on integration of feedstock with other renewable energy sources, efficient working fluids like nanofluids, and high-tech heat exchangers will drive the development of biomass-fueled ORC systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Parisa Heidarnejad & Hadi Genceli & Nasim Hashemian & Mustafa Asker & Mohammad Al-Rawi, 2024. "Biomass-Fueled Organic Rankine Cycles: State of the Art and Future Trends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-30, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:15:p:3788-:d:1447667
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dimitra Gonidaki & Evangelos Bellos, 2025. "A Detailed Review of Organic Rankine Cycles Driven by Combined Heat Sources," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-43, January.

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