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A Comprehensive Review of the Bidirectional Converter Topologies for the Vehicle-to-Grid System

Author

Listed:
  • Suresh Panchanathan

    (Electric Vehicle Charging Research Centre, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 603203, India)

  • Pradeep Vishnuram

    (Electric Vehicle Charging Research Centre, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 603203, India)

  • Narayanamoorthi Rajamanickam

    (Electric Vehicle Charging Research Centre, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 603203, India)

  • Mohit Bajaj

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun 248002, India
    Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan)

  • Vojtech Blazek

    (ENET Centre, VSB—Technical University of Ostrava, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic)

  • Lukas Prokop

    (ENET Centre, VSB—Technical University of Ostrava, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic)

  • Stanislav Misak

    (ENET Centre, VSB—Technical University of Ostrava, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic)

Abstract

Over the past decade, there has been a great interest in the changeover from cars powered by gasoline to electric vehicles, both within the automotive industry and among customers. The electric vehicle–grid (V2G) technology is a noteworthy innovation that enables the battery of an electric vehicle during idling conditions or parked can function as an energy source that can store or release energy whenever required. This results in energy exchange between the grid and EV batteries. This article reviews various bidirectional converter topologies used in the V2G system. Additionally, it can reduce the cost of charging for electric utilities, thus increasing profits for EV owners. Normally electric grid and the battery of an electric vehicle can be connected through power electronic converters, especially a bidirectional converter, which allows power to flow in both directions. The majority of research work is carried out over the converters for V2G applications and concerns utilizing two conversion stages, such as the AC-DC conversion stage used for correcting the power factor and the DC-DC conversion stage for matching the terminal voltage. Furthermore, a bidirectional conversion can be made for an active power transfer between grid–vehicle (G2V) and V2G effectively. This review explores and examines several topologies of bidirectional converters which make it possible for active power flow between the grid and the vehicle and vice versa. Moreover, different types of charging and discharging systems, such as integrated/non-integrated and on/off board, etc., which have been used for electric vehicle applications, are also discussed. A comparison study is carried out based on several other factors that have been suggested. The utilization of semiconductors in power converters and non-conventional resources in charging and discharging applications are the two improving technologies for electric vehicles.

Suggested Citation

  • Suresh Panchanathan & Pradeep Vishnuram & Narayanamoorthi Rajamanickam & Mohit Bajaj & Vojtech Blazek & Lukas Prokop & Stanislav Misak, 2023. "A Comprehensive Review of the Bidirectional Converter Topologies for the Vehicle-to-Grid System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-33, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:5:p:2503-:d:1089425
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Murugan Venkatesan & Narayanamoorthi Rajamanickam & Pradeep Vishnuram & Mohit Bajaj & Vojtech Blazek & Lukas Prokop & Stanislav Misak, 2022. "A Review of Compensation Topologies and Control Techniques of Bidirectional Wireless Power Transfer Systems for Electric Vehicle Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-29, October.
    2. Stefano Leonori & Luca Baldini & Antonello Rizzi & Fabio Massimo Frattale Mascioli, 2021. "A Physically Inspired Equivalent Neural Network Circuit Model for SoC Estimation of Electrochemical Cells," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-29, November.
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    4. Tao Peng & Peng Yang & Hanbing Dan & Hui Wang & Hua Han & Jian Yang & Hao Wang & Hui Dong & Patrick Wheeler, 2017. "A Single-Phase Bidirectional AC/DC Converter for V2G Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-15, June.
    5. Bhatti, Abdul Rauf & Salam, Zainal & Aziz, Mohd Junaidi Bin Abdul & Yee, Kong Pui & Ashique, Ratil H., 2016. "Electric vehicles charging using photovoltaic: Status and technological review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 34-47.
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