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An Extensive Review and Comparison of Modern Biomass Reactors Torrefaction vs. Biomass Pyrolizers—Part 2

Author

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  • Radoslaw Slezak

    (Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 213 Str., 90-924 Lodz, Poland)

  • Hilal Unyay

    (Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 213 Str., 90-924 Lodz, Poland)

  • Szymon Szufa

    (Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 213 Str., 90-924 Lodz, Poland)

  • Stanislaw Ledakowicz

    (Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 213 Str., 90-924 Lodz, Poland)

Abstract

The depletion of fossil fuels has led to a search for new methods of fuel and chemical production from biomass. One of the methods of converting biomass into valuable products is the process of pyrolysis. This process has been extensively researched in recent years due to the rising prices of energy and chemicals. This work contains basic information on the pyrolysis process concerning the individual components present in the biomass and the types of biomass used in the pyrolysis process. Particular attention was paid to sewage sludge, the management of which is a big challenge. The influence of the most important process parameters (temperature, heating rate, residence time of the solid and vapor, reaction atmosphere) on the pyrolysis products (char, oil, and gas) was presented. The paper presents an overview of the reactors used in the pyrolysis process, from slow to fast pyrolysis, together with their efficiency, advantages, and disadvantages. The analysis of the application of other thermochemical processes for producing the energy used in the process of pyrolysis and in the drying of the biomass was carried out. Two industrial-scale installations for the pyrolysis of sewage sludge were presented.

Suggested Citation

  • Radoslaw Slezak & Hilal Unyay & Szymon Szufa & Stanislaw Ledakowicz, 2023. "An Extensive Review and Comparison of Modern Biomass Reactors Torrefaction vs. Biomass Pyrolizers—Part 2," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-25, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:5:p:2212-:d:1079818
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Lukáš Krátký & Stanislaw Ledakowicz & Radoslaw Slezak & Vojtěch Bělohlav & Peter Peciar & Máté Petrik & Tomáš Jirout & Marián Peciar & Zoltán Siménfalvi & Radek Šulc & Zoltán Szamosi, 2024. "Emerging Sustainability in Carbon Capture and Use Strategies for V4 Countries via Biochemical Pathways: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-22, January.
    2. Stanisław Ledakowicz & Olexa Piddubniak, 2023. "Temperature Distribution in a Finite-Length Cylindrical Channel Filled with Biomass Transported by Electrically Heated Auger," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-23, August.
    3. Esin Apaydın Varol & Ülker Mutlu, 2023. "TGA-FTIR Analysis of Biomass Samples Based on the Thermal Decomposition Behavior of Hemicellulose, Cellulose, and Lignin," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-19, April.
    4. Hilal Unyay & Piotr Piersa & Magdalena Zabochnicka & Zdzisława Romanowska-Duda & Piotr Kuryło & Ksawery Kuligowski & Paweł Kazimierski & Taras Hutsol & Arkadiusz Dyjakon & Edyta Wrzesińska-Jędrusiak &, 2023. "Torrefaction of Willow in Batch Reactor and Co-Firing of Torrefied Willow with Coal," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-23, December.
    5. Kossińska, Nina & Krzyżyńska, Renata & Ghazal, Heba & Jouhara, Hussam, 2023. "Hydrothermal carbonisation of sewage sludge and resulting biofuels as a sustainable energy source," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).

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    Keywords

    pyrolysis; biomass; reactor; char; oil; gas;
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