IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v16y2023i24p8084-d1301122.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Driving Urban Energy Sustainability: A Techno-Economic Perspective on Nanogrid Solutions

Author

Listed:
  • Onur Turan

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, 34220 Istanbul, Türkiye)

  • Ali Durusu

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, 34220 Istanbul, Türkiye
    Clean Energy Technologies Institute, Yildiz Technical University, 34220 Istanbul, Türkiye)

  • Recep Yumurtaci

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, 34220 Istanbul, Türkiye)

Abstract

In response to technological advances, environmental concerns, and the depletion of conventional energy sources, the world is increasingly focusing on renewable energy sources (RES) as a means of generating electricity in a more sustainable and environmentally friendly manner. Türkiye, with its advantageous geographical location, long hours of sunshine, and favourable climatic conditions, has a high potential for the use of solar energy. The objective of this study was to identify an energy system that minimizes investment costs while optimizing the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and minimizing greenhouse-gas (GHG) and carbon dioxide emissions. To achieve this, the study used the concept of nanogrids (NGs) and carried out different evaluations for electric vehicle charging stations (EVCS) at different energy levels connected to the grid. The research focused on classic apartment buildings and multistory condominium-style buildings in Istanbul, Türkiye. Using HOMER Grid 1.11.1 version software, the study identified two optimal configurations: a PV–GRID system with 7 kW photovoltaic capacity and a PV–WT–GRID system with 90 kW PV capacity and 6 kW wind-turbine capacity. These configurations had a significantly lower LCOE compared to the cost of electricity from the conventional grid. When examining the sensitivity to economic factors, it was observed that the net present cost (NPC) and LCOE values fluctuated with electricity prices, inflation rates, and equipment costs. In particular, the two optimal configurations did not include a battery energy-storage system (BESS) due to the low energy demand in the PV–GRID system and the efficiency of the wind turbines in the PV–WT–GRID system. This highlights the need to tailor energy solutions to specific consumption patterns and resource types. In conclusion, the adoption of PV–GRID and PV–WT–GRID systems in Istanbul’s urban buildings demonstrates economic viability and environmental benefits, highlighting the importance of renewable energy sources, particularly solar PV, in mitigating energy-related environmental challenges, such as reducing CO 2 emissions and reducing dependence on conventional grid electricity.

Suggested Citation

  • Onur Turan & Ali Durusu & Recep Yumurtaci, 2023. "Driving Urban Energy Sustainability: A Techno-Economic Perspective on Nanogrid Solutions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-30, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:24:p:8084-:d:1301122
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/24/8084/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/24/8084/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Du, Hua & Han, Qi & de Vries, Bauke & Sun, Jun, 2024. "Community solar PV adoption in residential apartment buildings: A case study on influencing factors and incentive measures in Wuhan," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 354(PA).
    2. Chai, Song & Liu, Qiyun & Yang, Jin, 2023. "Renewable power generation policies in China: Policy instrument choices and influencing factors from the central and local government perspectives," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    3. Abdullah Al-Badi & Abdulmajeed Al Wahaibi & Razzaqul Ahshan & Arif Malik, 2022. "Techno-Economic Feasibility of a Solar-Wind-Fuel Cell Energy System in Duqm, Oman," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-14, July.
    4. Ilunga Kajila Rice & Hanhua Zhu & Cunquan Zhang & Arnauld Robert Tapa, 2023. "A Hybrid Photovoltaic/Diesel System for Off-Grid Applications in Lubumbashi, DR Congo: A HOMER Pro Modeling and Optimization Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-15, May.
    5. Abdullah, M.A. & Agalgaonkar, A.P. & Muttaqi, K.M., 2014. "Assessment of energy supply and continuity of service in distribution network with renewable distributed generation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1015-1026.
    6. Calikoglu, Umit & Aydinalp Koksal, Merih, 2023. "A pathway to achieve the net zero emissions target for the public electricity and heat production sector: A case study for Türkiye," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C).
    7. Chunqiong Miao & Kailiang Teng & Yaodong Wang & Long Jiang, 2020. "Technoeconomic Analysis on a Hybrid Power System for the UK Household Using Renewable Energy: A Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-19, June.
    8. Lemay, Amélie C. & Wagner, Sigurd & Rand, Barry P., 2023. "Current status and future potential of rooftop solar adoption in the United States," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C).
    9. Edrees Yahya Alhawsawi & Hanan Mikhael D. Habbi & Mansour Hawsawi & Mohamed A. Zohdy, 2023. "Optimal Design and Operation of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for Oakland University," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-26, August.
    10. Cai, Chang & Yang, Yingjian & Jia, Yan & Wu, Guangxing & Zhang, Hairui & Yuan, Feiqi & Qian, Quan & Li, Qing'an, 2023. "Aerodynamic load evaluation of leading edge and trailing edge windward states of large-scale wind turbine blade under parked condition," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 350(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Gbalimene Richard Ileberi & Pu Li, 2023. "Integrating Hydrokinetic Energy into Hybrid Renewable Energy System: Optimal Design and Comparative Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-28, April.
    2. Tamal Chowdhury & Samiul Hasan & Hemal Chowdhury & Abul Hasnat & Ahmad Rashedi & M. R. M. Asyraf & Mohamad Zaki Hassan & Sadiq M. Sait, 2022. "Sizing of an Island Standalone Hybrid System Considering Economic and Environmental Parameters: A Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-22, August.
    3. Hung, Duong Quoc & Mithulananthan, N. & Bansal, R.C., 2014. "An optimal investment planning framework for multiple distributed generation units in industrial distribution systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 62-72.
    4. Ye, Bin & Yang, Peng & Jiang, Jingjing & Miao, Lixin & Shen, Bo & Li, Ji, 2017. "Feasibility and economic analysis of a renewable energy powered special town in China," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 40-50.
    5. Ana Tereza Andrade Borba & Leonardo Jaime Machado Simões & Thamiles Rodrigues de Melo & Alex Álisson Bandeira Santos, 2024. "Techno-Economic Assessment of a Hybrid Renewable Energy System for a County in the State of Bahia," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-18, January.
    6. Abdullah Al Abri & Abdullah Al Kaaf & Musaab Allouyahi & Ali Al Wahaibi & Razzaqul Ahshan & Rashid S. Al Abri & Ahmed Al Abri, 2022. "Techno-Economic and Environmental Analysis of Renewable Mix Hybrid Energy System for Sustainable Electrification of Al-Dhafrat Rural Area in Oman," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-23, December.
    7. Ji, Haoran & Wang, Chengshan & Li, Peng & Song, Guanyu & Yu, Hao & Wu, Jianzhong, 2019. "Quantified analysis method for operational flexibility of active distribution networks with high penetration of distributed generators," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(C), pages 706-714.
    8. Thirunavukkarasu, M. & Sawle, Yashwant & Lala, Himadri, 2023. "A comprehensive review on optimization of hybrid renewable energy systems using various optimization techniques," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 176(C).
    9. Rafał Figaj, 2024. "Energy and Economic Sustainability of a Small-Scale Hybrid Renewable Energy System Powered by Biogas, Solar Energy, and Wind," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-16, February.
    10. Ibrahim Alotaibi & Mohammed A. Abido & Muhammad Khalid & Andrey V. Savkin, 2020. "A Comprehensive Review of Recent Advances in Smart Grids: A Sustainable Future with Renewable Energy Resources," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-41, November.
    11. Fang, Xinli & Yang, Qiang & Wang, Jianhui & Yan, Wenjun, 2016. "Coordinated dispatch in multiple cooperative autonomous islanded microgrids," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 40-48.
    12. Rafał Figaj & Krzysztof Sornek & Szymon Podlasek & Maciej Żołądek, 2020. "Operation and Sensitivity Analysis of a Micro-Scale Hybrid Trigeneration System Integrating a Water Steam Cycle and Wind Turbine under Different Reference Scenarios," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-23, October.
    13. Perdichizzi, A. & Barigozzi, G. & Franchini, G. & Ravelli, S., 2015. "Peak shaving strategy through a solar combined cooling and power system in remote hot climate areas," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 154-163.
    14. Qiang Yang & Le Jiang & Ali Ehsan & Yajing Gao & Shixiao Guo, 2018. "Robust Power Supply Restoration for Self-Healing Active Distribution Networks Considering the Availability of Distributed Generation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-19, January.
    15. Ali Saleh Aziz & Mohammad Faridun Naim Tajuddin & Tekai Eddine Khalil Zidane & Chun-Lien Su & Abdullahi Abubakar Mas’ud & Mohammed J. Alwazzan & Ali Jawad Kadhim Alrubaie, 2022. "Design and Optimization of a Grid-Connected Solar Energy System: Study in Iraq," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-29, July.
    16. Sean Williams & Michael Short & Tracey Crosbie & Maryam Shadman-Pajouh, 2020. "A Decentralized Informatics, Optimization, and Control Framework for Evolving Demand Response Services," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-30, August.
    17. Agnieszka Kozera & Aldona Standar & Natalia Genstwa, 2023. "Are Most Polluted Regions Most Active in Energy Transition Processes? A Case Study of Polish Regions Acquiring EU Funds for Local Investments in Renewable Energy Sources," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-27, November.
    18. Lanre Olatomiwa & Omowunmi Mary Longe & Toyeeb Adekunle Abd’Azeez & James Garba Ambafi & Kufre Esenowo Jack & Ahmad Abubakar Sadiq, 2023. "Optimal Planning and Deployment of Hybrid Renewable Energy to Rural Healthcare Facilities in Nigeria," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-24, October.
    19. Tareq Salameh & Abdul Ghani Olabi & Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem & Mohd Shahbudin Masdar & Siti Kartom Kamarudin & Enas Taha Sayed, 2023. "Integrated Energy System Powered a Building in Sharjah Emirates in the United Arab Emirates," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-20, January.
    20. Rafał Figaj & Maciej Żołądek & Maksymilian Homa & Anna Pałac, 2022. "A Novel Hybrid Polygeneration System Based on Biomass, Wind and Solar Energy for Micro-Scale Isolated Communities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-33, August.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:24:p:8084-:d:1301122. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.