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Theoretical Analysis of Integrated Community Energy Systems (ICES) Considering Integrated Demand Response (IDR): A Review of the System Modelling and Optimization

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  • Dezhou Kong

    (Department of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China)

  • Jianru Jing

    (Department of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China)

  • Tingyue Gu

    (Department of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China)

  • Xuanyue Wei

    (Department of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China)

  • Xingning Sa

    (Department of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China)

  • Yimin Yang

    (Department of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China)

  • Zhiang Zhang

    (Department of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China)

Abstract

The transition of the energy model dominated by centralized fossil energy use and the emergence of the Energy Internet and the Integrated Community Energy System (ICES) has gained attention. ICES involved the connection of electricity, heat, gas, and other kinds of energy, and was a significant form of the targeted transformation of conventional single energy networks. Within this system, the traditional demand response (DR) was transformed into an integrated demand response (IDR) in which all energy consumers could participate. The purpose of this study is to discuss the important technologies and models along with assessment and optimization strategies for the implementation of ICES and IDR, based on an extensive literature review. The analysis results show the “IDR + ICES” ecosystem proved to hold great potential for achieving renewable energy penetration, energy efficiency, and climate change control goals, while there are still many limitations in the coordination and reliability of the model and the design of the market mechanism. To conclude, the challenges and opportunities that ICES and IDR face were summarized, and future avenues for research are outlined.

Suggested Citation

  • Dezhou Kong & Jianru Jing & Tingyue Gu & Xuanyue Wei & Xingning Sa & Yimin Yang & Zhiang Zhang, 2023. "Theoretical Analysis of Integrated Community Energy Systems (ICES) Considering Integrated Demand Response (IDR): A Review of the System Modelling and Optimization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-22, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:10:p:4129-:d:1148430
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