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Alkaline Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production at Sea: Perspectives on Economic Performance

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  • Rafael d’Amore-Domenech

    (Departamento de Arquitectura, Construcción y Sistemas Oceánicos y Navales, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Navales (ETSIN), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Avenida de la Memoria 4, 28040 Madrid, Spain
    Grupo de Investigación de Pilas de Combustible, Tecnología del Hidrógeno y Motores Alternativos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Avenida de la Memoria 4, 28040 Madrid, Spain)

  • Isabel Carrillo

    (Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Química y Diseño Industrial, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería y Diseño Industrial (ETSIDI), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Ronda de Valencia 3, 28012 Madrid, Spain)

  • Emilio Navarro

    (Grupo de Investigación de Pilas de Combustible, Tecnología del Hidrógeno y Motores Alternativos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Avenida de la Memoria 4, 28040 Madrid, Spain
    Departamento de Mecánica de Fluidos y Propulsión Aeroespacial, ETS Ingeniería Aeronáutica y del Espacio, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Plza. Cardenal Cisneros 3, 28040 Madrid, Spain)

  • Teresa J. Leo

    (Departamento de Arquitectura, Construcción y Sistemas Oceánicos y Navales, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Navales (ETSIN), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Avenida de la Memoria 4, 28040 Madrid, Spain
    Grupo de Investigación de Pilas de Combustible, Tecnología del Hidrógeno y Motores Alternativos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Avenida de la Memoria 4, 28040 Madrid, Spain)

Abstract

Alkaline electrolysis is already a proven technology on land, with a high maturity level and good economic performance. However, at sea, little is known about its economic performance toward hydrogen production. Alkaline electrolysis units operate with purified water to split its molecules into hydrogen and oxygen. Purified water, and especially that sourced from the sea, has a variable cost that ultimately depends on its quality. However, the impurities present in that purified water have a deleterious effect on the electrolyte of alkaline electrolysis units that cause them to drop their energy efficiency. This, in turn, implies a source of economic losses resulting from the cost of electricity. In addition, at sea, there are various options regarding the electrolyte management, of which the cost depends on various factors. All these factors ultimately impact on the levelized cost of the produced hydrogen. This article aims to shed some light on the economic performance of alkaline electrolysis units operating under sea conditions, highlighting the knowledge gaps in the literature and initiating a debate in the field.

Suggested Citation

  • Rafael d’Amore-Domenech & Isabel Carrillo & Emilio Navarro & Teresa J. Leo, 2023. "Alkaline Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production at Sea: Perspectives on Economic Performance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-13, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:10:p:4033-:d:1144701
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. d’Amore-Domenech, Rafael & Santiago, Óscar & Leo, Teresa J., 2020. "Multicriteria analysis of seawater electrolysis technologies for green hydrogen production at sea," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    2. Lu Wang & Zhijun Jin & Xiao Chen & Yutong Su & Xiaowei Huang, 2023. "The Origin and Occurrence of Natural Hydrogen," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-18, March.
    3. Freire Ordóñez, Diego & Shah, Nilay & Guillén-Gosálbez, Gonzalo, 2021. "Economic and full environmental assessment of electrofuels via electrolysis and co-electrolysis considering externalities," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 286(C).
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