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Effect of High-Rate Cycle Aging and Over-Discharge on NCM811 (LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2) Batteries

Author

Listed:
  • Tao Yin

    (College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 260071, China
    Engineering Technology Center of Power Integration and Energy Storage System, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
    National and Local Joint Engineering Technology Center for Intelligent Power Integration Technology for Electric Vehicles (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, China)

  • Longzhou Jia

    (College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 260071, China
    Engineering Technology Center of Power Integration and Energy Storage System, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
    National and Local Joint Engineering Technology Center for Intelligent Power Integration Technology for Electric Vehicles (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, China)

  • Xichao Li

    (College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 260071, China
    Engineering Technology Center of Power Integration and Energy Storage System, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
    National and Local Joint Engineering Technology Center for Intelligent Power Integration Technology for Electric Vehicles (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, China
    Energy Storage Business Department, CRRC Qingdao Sifang Rolling Stock Research Institute Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266031, China)

  • Lili Zheng

    (College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 260071, China
    Engineering Technology Center of Power Integration and Energy Storage System, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
    National and Local Joint Engineering Technology Center for Intelligent Power Integration Technology for Electric Vehicles (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, China)

  • Zuoqiang Dai

    (College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 260071, China
    Engineering Technology Center of Power Integration and Energy Storage System, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
    National and Local Joint Engineering Technology Center for Intelligent Power Integration Technology for Electric Vehicles (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, China)

Abstract

Inconsistencies in a monomer battery pack can lead to the over-discharge of a single battery. Although deep over-discharge can be avoided by optimizing the battery control system, slight over-discharge still often occurs in the battery pack. The aging behavior of cylindrical NCM811 batteries under high-rate aging and over-discharge was studied. By setting the end-of-discharge of 1 V, the battery capacity rapidly decayed after 130 cycles. Additionally, the temperature sharply increased in the over-discharge stage. The micro short-circuit was found by the discharge voltage curve and impedance spectrum. Batteries with 100%, 79.6% and 50.9% SOH (state of health = Q_now/Q_new × 100%) as a result of high-rate aging and over-discharging were subjected to thermal testing in an adiabatic environment. The battery without high-rate aging and over-discharge did not experience thermal runaway. However, severe thermal runaway occurred in the 79.6% and 50.9% SOH batteries. Regarding the cyclic aging of the 50.9% SOH battery, the fusion temperature of the separator decreased by 22.3 °C, indicating a substantial degradation of the separator and thus reducing battery safety. Moreover, the results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analyses revealed that the particles of the positive material were broken and detached, and that large-area cracks and delamination had formed on the negative material. Furthermore, Ni deposition and the uneven deposition of P and F on the negative surface were observed, which increased the risk of short-circuit in the battery. Positive and negative materials were attached on both sides of the separator, which reduced the effective area of ionic transportation.

Suggested Citation

  • Tao Yin & Longzhou Jia & Xichao Li & Lili Zheng & Zuoqiang Dai, 2022. "Effect of High-Rate Cycle Aging and Over-Discharge on NCM811 (LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2) Batteries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-15, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:8:p:2862-:d:793554
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yusuke Abe & Natsuki Hori & Seiji Kumagai, 2019. "Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy on the Performance Degradation of LiFePO 4 /Graphite Lithium-Ion Battery Due to Charge-Discharge Cycling under Different C-Rates," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-14, November.
    2. Sheng Yang & Wenwei Wang & Cheng Lin & Weixiang Shen & Yiding Li, 2019. "Investigation of Internal Short Circuits of Lithium-Ion Batteries under Mechanical Abusive Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-16, May.
    3. Dong Wang & Lili Zheng & Xichao Li & Guangchao Du & Zhichao Zhang & Yan Feng & Longzhou Jia & Zuoqiang Dai, 2020. "Effects of Overdischarge Rate on Thermal Runaway of NCM811 Li-Ion Batteries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-14, July.
    4. Waag, Wladislaw & Käbitz, Stefan & Sauer, Dirk Uwe, 2013. "Experimental investigation of the lithium-ion battery impedance characteristic at various conditions and aging states and its influence on the application," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 885-897.
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