IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v14y2021i8p2207-d536806.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Contribution of Wind Farms to the Stability of Power Systems with High Penetration of Renewables

Author

Listed:
  • Jesus Castro Martinez

    (Electrical Engineering Department, Superior Polytechnique School, Faculty of Engineering, Carlos III University of Madrid, Leganés, 28911 Madrid, Spain)

  • Santiago Arnaltes

    (Electrical Engineering Department, Superior Polytechnique School, Faculty of Engineering, Carlos III University of Madrid, Leganés, 28911 Madrid, Spain)

  • Jaime Alonso-Martinez

    (Electrical Engineering Department, Superior Polytechnique School, Faculty of Engineering, Carlos III University of Madrid, Leganés, 28911 Madrid, Spain)

  • Jose Luis Rodriguez Amenedo

    (Electrical Engineering Department, Superior Polytechnique School, Faculty of Engineering, Carlos III University of Madrid, Leganés, 28911 Madrid, Spain)

Abstract

Power system inertia is being reduced because of the increasing penetration of renewable energies, most of which use power electronic interfaces with the grid. This paper analyses the contribution of inertia emulation and droop control to the power system stability. Although inertia emulation may appear the best option to mitigate frequency disturbances, a thorough analysis of the shortcomings that face real-time implementations shows the opposite. Measurement noise and response delay for inertia emulation hinder controller performance, while the inherently fast droop response of electronic converters provides better frequency support. System stability, expressed in terms of rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) and frequency nadir, is therefore improved with droop control, compared to inertia emulation.

Suggested Citation

  • Jesus Castro Martinez & Santiago Arnaltes & Jaime Alonso-Martinez & Jose Luis Rodriguez Amenedo, 2021. "Contribution of Wind Farms to the Stability of Power Systems with High Penetration of Renewables," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-21, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:8:p:2207-:d:536806
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/8/2207/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/8/2207/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Xiangwu Yan & Xuewei Sun, 2020. "Inertia and Droop Frequency Control Strategy of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator Based on Rotor Kinetic Energy and Supercapacitor," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-19, July.
    2. Cheng, Yi & Azizipanah-Abarghooee, Rasoul & Azizi, Sadegh & Ding, Lei & Terzija, Vladimir, 2020. "Smart frequency control in low inertia energy systems based on frequency response techniques: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    3. Andrés Peña Asensio & Francisco Gonzalez-Longatt & Santiago Arnaltes & Jose Luis Rodríguez-Amenedo, 2020. "Analysis of the Converter Synchronizing Method for the Contribution of Battery Energy Storage Systems to Inertia Emulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-18, March.
    4. Dreidy, Mohammad & Mokhlis, H. & Mekhilef, Saad, 2017. "Inertia response and frequency control techniques for renewable energy sources: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 144-155.
    5. Al kez, Dlzar & Foley, Aoife M. & McIlwaine, Neil & Morrow, D. John & Hayes, Barry P. & Zehir, M. Alparslan & Mehigan, Laura & Papari, Behnaz & Edrington, Chris S. & Baran, Mesut, 2020. "A critical evaluation of grid stability and codes, energy storage and smart loads in power systems with wind generation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Asmaa Faragalla & Omar Abdel-Rahim & Mohamed Orabi & Esam H. Abdelhameed, 2022. "Enhanced Virtual Inertia Control for Microgrids with High-Penetration Renewables Based on Whale Optimization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-18, December.
    2. Martínez, Jesús Castro & Rodríguez Amenedo, José Luis & Arnaltes Gómez, Santiago & Alonso-Martínez, Jaime, 2023. "Grid-forming control of doubly-fed induction generators based on the rotor flux orientation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C), pages 162-176.
    3. Pablo Fernández-Bustamante & Oscar Barambones & Isidro Calvo & Cristian Napole & Mohamed Derbeli, 2021. "Provision of Frequency Response from Wind Farms: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-24, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Pablo Fernández-Bustamante & Oscar Barambones & Isidro Calvo & Cristian Napole & Mohamed Derbeli, 2021. "Provision of Frequency Response from Wind Farms: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-24, October.
    2. Rafiq Asghar & Francesco Riganti Fulginei & Hamid Wadood & Sarmad Saeed, 2023. "A Review of Load Frequency Control Schemes Deployed for Wind-Integrated Power Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-29, May.
    3. Manisha Sawant & Sameer Thakare & A. Prabhakara Rao & Andrés E. Feijóo-Lorenzo & Neeraj Dhanraj Bokde, 2021. "A Review on State-of-the-Art Reviews in Wind-Turbine- and Wind-Farm-Related Topics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-30, April.
    4. Zhang, Mingze & Li, Weidong & Yu, Samson Shenglong & Wen, Kerui & Muyeen, S.M., 2023. "Day-ahead optimization dispatch strategy for large-scale battery energy storage considering multiple regulation and prediction failures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 270(C).
    5. Hector Beltran & Sam Harrison & Agustí Egea-Àlvarez & Lie Xu, 2020. "Techno-Economic Assessment of Energy Storage Technologies for Inertia Response and Frequency Support from Wind Farms," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-21, July.
    6. Pablo González-Inostroza & Claudia Rahmann & Ricardo Álvarez & Jannik Haas & Wolfgang Nowak & Christian Rehtanz, 2021. "The Role of Fast Frequency Response of Energy Storage Systems and Renewables for Ensuring Frequency Stability in Future Low-Inertia Power Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-16, May.
    7. Khasanzoda, Nasrullo & Safaraliev, Murodbek & Zicmane, Inga & Beryozkina, Svetlana & Rahimov, Jamshed & Ahyoev, Javod, 2022. "Use of smart grid based wind resources in isolated power systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C).
    8. Fernández-Guillamón, Ana & Gómez-Lázaro, Emilio & Muljadi, Eduard & Molina-García, Ángel, 2019. "Power systems with high renewable energy sources: A review of inertia and frequency control strategies over time," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    9. Yoon, Kwangsuk & Lee, Sang Soo & Ok, Yong Sik & Kwon, Eilhann E. & Song, Hocheol, 2019. "Enhancement of syngas for H2 production via catalytic pyrolysis of orange peel using CO2 and bauxite residue," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    10. Zhu, Xiaoxun & Liu, Ruizhang & Chen, Yao & Gao, Xiaoxia & Wang, Yu & Xu, Zixu, 2021. "Wind speed behaviors feather analysis and its utilization on wind speed prediction using 3D-CNN," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 236(C).
    11. Dario Garozzo & Giuseppe Marco Tina, 2020. "Evaluation of the Effective Active Power Reserve for Fast Frequency Response of PV with BESS Inverters Considering Reactive Power Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-16, July.
    12. Polleux, Louis & Guerassimoff, Gilles & Marmorat, Jean-Paul & Sandoval-Moreno, John & Schuhler, Thierry, 2022. "An overview of the challenges of solar power integration in isolated industrial microgrids with reliability constraints," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    13. Junfeng Qi & Fei Tang & Jiarui Xie & Xinang Li & Xiaoqing Wei & Zhuo Liu, 2022. "Research on Frequency Response Modeling and Frequency Modulation Parameters of the Power System Highly Penetrated by Wind Power," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-19, June.
    14. Boyle, James & Littler, Timothy & Foley, Aoife, 2020. "Battery energy storage system state-of-charge management to ensure availability of frequency regulating services from wind farms," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 1119-1135.
    15. Md Alamgir Hossain & Hemanshu Roy Pota & Walid Issa & Md Jahangir Hossain, 2017. "Overview of AC Microgrid Controls with Inverter-Interfaced Generations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-27, August.
    16. Mararakanye, Ndamulelo & Bekker, Bernard, 2019. "Renewable energy integration impacts within the context of generator type, penetration level and grid characteristics," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 441-451.
    17. Ninoslav Holjevac & Tomislav Baškarad & Josip Đaković & Matej Krpan & Matija Zidar & Igor Kuzle, 2021. "Challenges of High Renewable Energy Sources Integration in Power Systems—The Case of Croatia," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-20, February.
    18. Jose Rueda Torres & Zameer Ahmad & Nidarshan Veera Kumar & Elyas Rakhshani & Ebrahim Adabi & Peter Palensky & Mart van der Meijden, 2021. "Power Hardware-in-the-Loop-Based Performance Analysis of Different Converter Controllers for Fast Active Power Regulation in Low-Inertia Power Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-15, June.
    19. Okur, Özge & Voulis, Nina & Heijnen, Petra & Lukszo, Zofia, 2019. "Aggregator-mediated demand response: Minimizing imbalances caused by uncertainty of solar generation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 247(C), pages 426-437.
    20. Suparak Srita & Sakda Somkun & Tanakorn Kaewchum & Wattanapong Rakwichian & Peter Zacharias & Uthen Kamnarn & Jutturit Thongpron & Damrong Amorndechaphon & Matheepot Phattanasak, 2022. "Modeling, Simulation and Development of Grid-Connected Voltage Source Converter with Selective Harmonic Mitigation: HiL and Experimental Validations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-28, March.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:8:p:2207-:d:536806. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.