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Optimal Individual Phase Voltage Regulation Strategies in Active Distribution Networks with High PV Penetration Using the Sparrow Search Algorithm

Author

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  • Yih-Der Lee

    (The Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan)

  • Wei-Chen Lin

    (Department of Industrial Education and Technology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 500, Taiwan)

  • Jheng-Lun Jiang

    (The Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan)

  • Jia-Hao Cai

    (The Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan)

  • Wei-Tzer Huang

    (Department of Industrial Education and Technology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 500, Taiwan)

  • Kai-Chao Yao

    (Department of Industrial Education and Technology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 500, Taiwan)

Abstract

This study aimed to propose individual phase voltage regulation strategies using the sparrow search algorithm (SSA) in the IEEE 8500-node large-scale unbalanced distribution network with high photovoltaic (PV) penetration. The proposed approach is capable of individual phase regulation, which coordinates the on-load tap changer (OLTC), voltage regulator (VR), switched capacitor bank (SCB), and volt–var setting controlled by a smart inverter to improve voltage variation and unbalance. Consequently, the change time of VRs, the switched times of SCBs, and the individual phase voltage magnitude and unbalance ratio are considered in the fitness function for the SSA. The simulation scenarios fully consider the unbalanced load conditions and PV power output patterns, and the numerical results demonstrate that the voltage variation and unbalance are clearly improved, by 15% and 26%, respectively. The fitness values, operation times of OLTC, VR, and SCB, and the settings of the volt–var controlled smart inverter are also optimized by the SSA. The outcomes of this study are helpful for distribution system operators in formulating voltage control strategies corresponding to different system conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Yih-Der Lee & Wei-Chen Lin & Jheng-Lun Jiang & Jia-Hao Cai & Wei-Tzer Huang & Kai-Chao Yao, 2021. "Optimal Individual Phase Voltage Regulation Strategies in Active Distribution Networks with High PV Penetration Using the Sparrow Search Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-22, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:24:p:8370-:d:700546
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Akito Nakadomari & Ryuto Shigenobu & Takeyoshi Kato & Narayanan Krishnan & Ashraf Mohamed Hemeida & Hiroshi Takahashi & Tomonobu Senjyu, 2021. "Unbalanced Voltage Compensation with Optimal Voltage Controlled Regulators and Load Ratio Control Transformer," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-18, May.
    2. Yih-Der Lee & Jheng-Lun Jiang & Yuan-Hsiang Ho & Wei-Chen Lin & Hsin-Ching Chih & Wei-Tzer Huang, 2020. "Neutral Current Reduction in Three-Phase Four-Wire Distribution Feeders by Optimal Phase Arrangement Based on a Full-Scale Net Load Model Derived from the FTU Data," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-20, April.
    3. Igor Cavalcante Torres & Daniel M. Farias & Andre L. L. Aquino & Chigueru Tiba, 2021. "Voltage Regulation For Residential Prosumers Using a Set of Scalable Power Storage," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-28, June.
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    5. Hao Xiao & Wei Pei & Zuomin Dong & Li Kong & Dan Wang, 2018. "Application and Comparison of Metaheuristic and New Metamodel Based Global Optimization Methods to the Optimal Operation of Active Distribution Networks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-29, January.
    6. Thangaraj Yuvaraj & Kaliaperumal Rukmani Devabalaji & Natarajan Prabaharan & Hassan Haes Alhelou & Asokkumar Manju & Poushali Pal & Pierluigi Siano, 2021. "Optimal Integration of Capacitor and Distributed Generation in Distribution System Considering Load Variation Using Bat Optimization Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-24, June.
    7. Rade Čađenović & Damir Jakus, 2020. "Maximization of Distribution Network Hosting Capacity through Optimal Grid Reconfiguration and Distributed Generation Capacity Allocation/Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-17, October.
    8. Xiangjing Su & Jining Liu & Shuxin Tian & Ping Ling & Yang Fu & Shurong Wei & Chao SiMa, 2020. "A Multi-Stage Coordinated Volt-Var Optimization for Integrated and Unbalanced Radial Distribution Networks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-19, September.
    9. Chan-Hyeok Oh & Joon-Ho Choi & Sang-Yun Yun & Seon-Ju Ahn, 2021. "Short-Term Cooperative Operational Scheme of Distribution System with High Hosting Capacity of Renewable-Energy-Based Distributed Generations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-25, October.
    10. Yu-Jen Liu & Yu-Hsuan Tai & Yih-Der Lee & Jheng-Lung Jiang & Chen-Wei Lin, 2020. "Assessment of PV Hosting Capacity in a Small Distribution System by an Improved Stochastic Analysis Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-20, November.
    11. Lewis Waswa & Munyaradzi Justice Chihota & Bernard Bekker, 2021. "A Probabilistic Conductor Size Selection Framework for Active Distribution Networks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-19, October.
    12. Anderson Rodrigo Piccini & Geraldo Caixeta Guimarães & Arthur Costa de Souza & Ana Maria Denardi, 2021. "Implementation of a Photovoltaic Inverter with Modified Automatic Voltage Regulator Control Designed to Mitigate Momentary Voltage Dip," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-22, October.
    13. Tao Xu & He Meng & Jie Zhu & Wei Wei & He Zhao & Han Yang & Zijin Li & Yuhan Wu, 2021. "Optimal Capacity Allocation of Energy Storage in Distribution Networks Considering Active/Reactive Coordination," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-24, March.
    14. Noah Serem & Lawrence K. Letting & Josiah Munda, 2021. "Voltage Profile and Sensitivity Analysis for a Grid Connected Solar, Wind and Small Hydro Hybrid System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-26, June.
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    1. Masoud Hamedi & Hossein Shayeghi & Seyedjalal Seyedshenava & Amin Safari & Abdollah Younesi & Nicu Bizon & Vasile-Gabriel Iana, 2023. "Developing an Integration of Smart-Inverter-Based Hosting-Capacity Enhancement in Dynamic Expansion Planning of PV-Penetrated LV Distribution Networks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-27, July.
    2. Yu Fujimoto & Akihisa Kaneko & Yutaka Iino & Hideo Ishii & Yasuhiro Hayashi, 2023. "Challenges in Smartizing Operational Management of Functionally-Smart Inverters for Distributed Energy Resources: A Review on Machine Learning Aspects," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-26, January.
    3. Yuanyuan Wang & Zexu Yu & Zhenhai Dou & Mengmeng Qiao & Ye Zhao & Ruishuo Xie & Lianxin Liu, 2022. "Decentralized Coordination Dispatch Model Based on Chaotic Mutation Harris Hawks Optimization Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-26, May.
    4. Anju Yadav & Nand Kishor & Richa Negi, 2023. "Bus Voltage Violations under Different Solar Radiation Profiles and Load Changes with Optimally Placed and Sized PV Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-23, January.

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