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Optimal Individual Phase Voltage Regulation Strategies in Active Distribution Networks with High PV Penetration Using the Sparrow Search Algorithm

Author

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  • Yih-Der Lee

    (The Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan)

  • Wei-Chen Lin

    (Department of Industrial Education and Technology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 500, Taiwan)

  • Jheng-Lun Jiang

    (The Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan)

  • Jia-Hao Cai

    (The Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan)

  • Wei-Tzer Huang

    (Department of Industrial Education and Technology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 500, Taiwan)

  • Kai-Chao Yao

    (Department of Industrial Education and Technology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 500, Taiwan)

Abstract

This study aimed to propose individual phase voltage regulation strategies using the sparrow search algorithm (SSA) in the IEEE 8500-node large-scale unbalanced distribution network with high photovoltaic (PV) penetration. The proposed approach is capable of individual phase regulation, which coordinates the on-load tap changer (OLTC), voltage regulator (VR), switched capacitor bank (SCB), and volt–var setting controlled by a smart inverter to improve voltage variation and unbalance. Consequently, the change time of VRs, the switched times of SCBs, and the individual phase voltage magnitude and unbalance ratio are considered in the fitness function for the SSA. The simulation scenarios fully consider the unbalanced load conditions and PV power output patterns, and the numerical results demonstrate that the voltage variation and unbalance are clearly improved, by 15% and 26%, respectively. The fitness values, operation times of OLTC, VR, and SCB, and the settings of the volt–var controlled smart inverter are also optimized by the SSA. The outcomes of this study are helpful for distribution system operators in formulating voltage control strategies corresponding to different system conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Yih-Der Lee & Wei-Chen Lin & Jheng-Lun Jiang & Jia-Hao Cai & Wei-Tzer Huang & Kai-Chao Yao, 2021. "Optimal Individual Phase Voltage Regulation Strategies in Active Distribution Networks with High PV Penetration Using the Sparrow Search Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-22, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:24:p:8370-:d:700546
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Akito Nakadomari & Ryuto Shigenobu & Takeyoshi Kato & Narayanan Krishnan & Ashraf Mohamed Hemeida & Hiroshi Takahashi & Tomonobu Senjyu, 2021. "Unbalanced Voltage Compensation with Optimal Voltage Controlled Regulators and Load Ratio Control Transformer," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-18, May.
    3. Yu-Jen Liu & Yu-Hsuan Tai & Yih-Der Lee & Jheng-Lung Jiang & Chen-Wei Lin, 2020. "Assessment of PV Hosting Capacity in a Small Distribution System by an Improved Stochastic Analysis Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-20, November.
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    7. Anderson Rodrigo Piccini & Geraldo Caixeta Guimarães & Arthur Costa de Souza & Ana Maria Denardi, 2021. "Implementation of a Photovoltaic Inverter with Modified Automatic Voltage Regulator Control Designed to Mitigate Momentary Voltage Dip," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-22, October.
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    14. Noah Serem & Lawrence K. Letting & Josiah Munda, 2021. "Voltage Profile and Sensitivity Analysis for a Grid Connected Solar, Wind and Small Hydro Hybrid System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-26, June.
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    2. Yu Fujimoto & Akihisa Kaneko & Yutaka Iino & Hideo Ishii & Yasuhiro Hayashi, 2023. "Challenges in Smartizing Operational Management of Functionally-Smart Inverters for Distributed Energy Resources: A Review on Machine Learning Aspects," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-26, January.
    3. Yuanyuan Wang & Zexu Yu & Zhenhai Dou & Mengmeng Qiao & Ye Zhao & Ruishuo Xie & Lianxin Liu, 2022. "Decentralized Coordination Dispatch Model Based on Chaotic Mutation Harris Hawks Optimization Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-26, May.
    4. Anju Yadav & Nand Kishor & Richa Negi, 2023. "Bus Voltage Violations under Different Solar Radiation Profiles and Load Changes with Optimally Placed and Sized PV Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-23, January.

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