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Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO from Thermal Decomposition of Precipitated Zinc Oxalate Dihydrate as an Anode Material of Li-Ion Batteries

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  • Cornelius Satria Yudha

    (Centre of Excellence for Electrical Energy Storage Technology, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Slamet Riyadi 435, Surakarta 57146, Indonesia
    Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia)

  • Anjas Prasetya Hutama

    (Centre of Excellence for Electrical Energy Storage Technology, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Slamet Riyadi 435, Surakarta 57146, Indonesia
    Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia)

  • Mintarsih Rahmawati

    (Centre of Excellence for Electrical Energy Storage Technology, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Slamet Riyadi 435, Surakarta 57146, Indonesia
    Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia)

  • Hendri Widiyandari

    (Centre of Excellence for Electrical Energy Storage Technology, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Slamet Riyadi 435, Surakarta 57146, Indonesia
    Department of Physics, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia)

  • Hartoto Nursukatmo

    (Downstream Research and Technology Innovation, Innovation and New Ventures, PT Pertamina (Persero), Jl. Mega Kuningan Barat III, Jakarta Selatan 12950, Indonesia)

  • Hanida Nilasary

    (Downstream Research and Technology Innovation, Innovation and New Ventures, PT Pertamina (Persero), Jl. Mega Kuningan Barat III, Jakarta Selatan 12950, Indonesia)

  • Haryo Satriya Oktaviano

    (Downstream Research and Technology Innovation, Innovation and New Ventures, PT Pertamina (Persero), Jl. Mega Kuningan Barat III, Jakarta Selatan 12950, Indonesia)

  • Agus Purwanto

    (Centre of Excellence for Electrical Energy Storage Technology, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Slamet Riyadi 435, Surakarta 57146, Indonesia
    Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia)

Abstract

Zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the most promising materials applied in Li-ion batteries. In this research, ZnO was synthesized by the thermal decomposition of zinc oxalate dihydrate. This precursor was obtained from the precipitation process of zinc sulfate with oxalic acid. In-depth studies were carried out on the effect of various heating temperatures of zinc oxalate dihydrate precursors on ZnO synthesis. The as-prepared materials were characterized by XRD, SEM, and FTIR. Based on the XRD analysis, the presence of the ZnO-wurtzite phase can be confirmed in samples heated at temperatures above 400 °C. Meanwhile, SEM-EDX results showed that the ZnO particles have a micron size. Cells with ZnO samples as anodes have low columbic efficiency. In contrast, cells with ZnO/Graphite composite anodes have a relatively large capacity compared to pure graphite anodes. Overall, based on the consideration of the characterization results and electrochemical performance, the optimal sintering temperature to obtain ZnO is 600 °C with a cell discharge capacity of ZnO anode and in the form of graphite composites is 356 mAh/g and 450 mAh/g, respectively. This suggests that ZnO can be used as an anode material and an additive component to improve commercial graphite anodes’ electrochemical performance.

Suggested Citation

  • Cornelius Satria Yudha & Anjas Prasetya Hutama & Mintarsih Rahmawati & Hendri Widiyandari & Hartoto Nursukatmo & Hanida Nilasary & Haryo Satriya Oktaviano & Agus Purwanto, 2021. "Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO from Thermal Decomposition of Precipitated Zinc Oxalate Dihydrate as an Anode Material of Li-Ion Batteries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-13, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:18:p:5980-:d:639659
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cornelius Satria Yudha & Soraya Ulfa Muzayanha & Mintarsih Rahmawati & Hendri Widiyandari & Wahyudi Sutopo & Muhammad Nizam & Sigit Puji Santosa & Agus Purwanto, 2020. "Fast Production of High Performance LiNi 0.815 Co 0.15 Al 0.035 O 2 Cathode Material via Urea-Assisted Flame Spray Pyrolysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-17, June.
    2. Haipeng Li & Jiayi Wang & Yan Zhao & Taizhe Tan, 2018. "Synthesis of the ZnO@ZnS Nanorod for Lithium-Ion Batteries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-8, August.
    3. Gert Berckmans & Maarten Messagie & Jelle Smekens & Noshin Omar & Lieselot Vanhaverbeke & Joeri Van Mierlo, 2017. "Cost Projection of State of the Art Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles Up to 2030," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-20, September.
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