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Radial Water Barrier in Submarine Cables, Current Solutions and Innovative Development Directions

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  • Leszek Resner

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, ul. Piastów 19, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland
    Tele-Fonika Kable S.A., Factory in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz ul. Fordońska 152, 85-957 Bydgoszcz, Poland)

  • Sandra Paszkiewicz

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, ul. Piastów 19, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland)

Abstract

With wind turbines increasing in size, installed at greater distances from the mainland, and greater depths, submarine cables are facing new challenges. Materials and technologies used so far for the production of submarine cables with lead, aluminium, or copper sheaths make them unsuitable or even obsolete for modern solutions such as floating wind farms. The article discusses types of submarine cables, their construction, working conditions, and operational factors, with emphasis placed on the role of the radial water barrier. The focus has been placed on dry and semi-dry designs. The article is also devoted to a discussion regarding directions of further development, possible materials, and constructions that may appear in the future. Current research and results regarding the use of multi-layer coatings with the use of thermoplastic block copolymers for the layer with high moisture absorption are also presented.

Suggested Citation

  • Leszek Resner & Sandra Paszkiewicz, 2021. "Radial Water Barrier in Submarine Cables, Current Solutions and Innovative Development Directions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-20, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:10:p:2761-:d:552638
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. O’Keeffe, Aoife & Haggett, Claire, 2012. "An investigation into the potential barriers facing the development of offshore wind energy in Scotland: Case study – Firth of Forth offshore wind farm," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(6), pages 3711-3721.
    3. Shen, Wei & Chen, Xi & Qiu, Jing & Hayward, Jennifier A & Sayeef, Saad & Osman, Peter & Meng, Ke & Dong, Zhao Yang, 2020. "A comprehensive review of variable renewable energy levelized cost of electricity," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
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