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Characteristic Analysis of Torrefied Pellets: Determining Optimal Torrefaction Conditions for Agri-Byproduct

Author

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  • Sunyong Park

    (Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Hyoja 2 Dong 192-1, Chuncheon-si 200-010, Korea)

  • Seok Jun Kim

    (Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Hyoja 2 Dong 192-1, Chuncheon-si 200-010, Korea)

  • Kwang Cheol Oh

    (Green Materials & Processes R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 55, Jongga-ro, Jung-gu, Ulsan 44413, Korea)

  • La Hoon Cho

    (Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Hyoja 2 Dong 192-1, Chuncheon-si 200-010, Korea)

  • Min Jun Kim

    (Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Hyoja 2 Dong 192-1, Chuncheon-si 200-010, Korea)

  • In Seon Jeong

    (Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Hyoja 2 Dong 192-1, Chuncheon-si 200-010, Korea)

  • Chung Geon Lee

    (Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Hyoja 2 Dong 192-1, Chuncheon-si 200-010, Korea)

  • Dae Hyun Kim

    (Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Hyoja 2 Dong 192-1, Chuncheon-si 200-010, Korea)

Abstract

This study considers the possibility of utilizing agri-byproducts as energy sources via pelletization and torrefaction. Pellets were placed in a capsule and torrefied in an electrical furnace. Subsequently, they were cooled for 30 min, and their mass loss was measured. To investigate the resulting changes in fuel characteristics, ultimate and proximate analyses were performed, and calorific values were measured. To estimate the water absorption of the pellets, hygroscopicity evaluations were conducted. Based on the experimental results, the energy yield, lower heating value, and exergy were calculated to determine the optimum conditions for torrefaction. The calculation was performed by utilizing the useful exergy and standards applied to biomass power plants. We determined that torrefaction for agro-pellets should be conducted under low-to-intermediate temperatures (210–250 °C) within a period of 50 min. Under these conditions, 7–55% mass reductions were observed, the higher heating value increased from 4110 to 6880 kcal kg −1 , and the lower heating value changed from 3780 to 6520 kcal kg −1 owing to reduced hygroscopicity. So, Agro-byproducts can contribute to the practical application by improving the heating value through torrefaction as an alternative to wood pellets.

Suggested Citation

  • Sunyong Park & Seok Jun Kim & Kwang Cheol Oh & La Hoon Cho & Min Jun Kim & In Seon Jeong & Chung Geon Lee & Dae Hyun Kim, 2020. "Characteristic Analysis of Torrefied Pellets: Determining Optimal Torrefaction Conditions for Agri-Byproduct," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-14, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:2:p:423-:d:308991
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chen, Wei-Hsin & Lin, Bo-Jhih & Colin, Baptiste & Chang, Jo-Shu & Pétrissans, Anélie & Bi, Xiaotao & Pétrissans, Mathieu, 2018. "Hygroscopic transformation of woody biomass torrefaction for carbon storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C), pages 768-776.
    2. Yang, Yang & Sun, Mingman & Zhang, Meng & Zhang, Ke & Wang, Donghai & Lei, Catherine, 2019. "A fundamental research on synchronized torrefaction and pelleting of biomass," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 668-676.
    3. Oh, Kwang Cheol & Park, Sun Young & Kim, Seok Jun & Choi, Yun Sung & Lee, Chung Geon & Cho, La Hoon & Kim, Dae Hyun, 2019. "Development and validation of mass reduction model to optimize torrefaction for agricultural byproduct biomass," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 988-999.
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    2. Tadeusz Mączka & Halina Pawlak-Kruczek & Lukasz Niedzwiecki & Edward Ziaja & Artur Chorążyczewski, 2020. "Plasma Assisted Combustion as a Cost-Effective Way for Balancing of Intermittent Sources: Techno-Economic Assessment for 200 MW el Power Unit," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-16, September.
    3. Mateusz Jackowski & Łukasz Niedźwiecki & Krzysztof Mościcki & Amit Arora & Muhammad Azam Saeed & Krystian Krochmalny & Jakub Pawliczek & Anna Trusek & Magdalena Lech & Jan Skřínský & Jakub Čespiva & J, 2021. "Synergetic Co-Production of Beer Colouring Agent and Solid Fuel from Brewers’ Spent Grain in the Circular Economy Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-17, September.
    4. Grzegorz Maj & Paweł Krzaczek & Wojciech Gołębiowski & Tomasz Słowik & Joanna Szyszlak-Bargłowicz & Grzegorz Zając, 2022. "Energy Consumption and Quality of Pellets Made of Waste from Corn Grain Drying Process," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-15, July.
    5. Park, Sunyong & Kim, Seok Jun & Oh, Kwang Cheol & Cho, Lahoon & Jeon, Young Kwang & Kim, Dae Hyun, 2023. "Acid and alkali pretreatment of agro by-products: Evaluating torrefaction efficiency and dechlorination," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    6. Arkadiusz Dyjakon & Tomasz Noszczyk & Agata Mostek, 2021. "Mechanical Durability and Grindability of Pellets after Torrefaction Process," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-16, October.
    7. Kim, Seok Jun & Park, Sunyong & Oh, Kwang Cheol & Ju, Young Min & Cho, La hoon & Kim, Dae Hyun, 2021. "Development of surface torrefaction process to utilize agro-byproducts as an energy source," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233(C).
    8. Hao Luo & Lukasz Niedzwiecki & Amit Arora & Krzysztof Mościcki & Halina Pawlak-Kruczek & Krystian Krochmalny & Marcin Baranowski & Mayank Tiwari & Anshul Sharma & Tanuj Sharma & Zhimin Lu, 2020. "Influence of Torrefaction and Pelletizing of Sawdust on the Design Parameters of a Fixed Bed Gasifier," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-19, June.

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