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Effect of torrefaction on the structure and reactivity of rice straw as well as life cycle assessment of torrefaction process

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  • Zhang, Congyu
  • Yang, Wu
  • Chen, Wei-Hsin
  • Ho, Shih-Hsin
  • Pétrissans, Anelie
  • Pétrissans, Mathieu

Abstract

Biomass structure and reactivity of torrefied products are a matter of great concern to explore the fuel properties, pyrolysis characteristics, and microcosmic appearance, and life cycle assessment (LCA) is of great importance to evaluate the environmental impact of the torrefaction process. This study investigates the properties and microstructure of torrefied rice straw, including fuel properties, pyrolysis kinetics, crystallinity, surface functional group changes, and microscopic appearance. Results show that a good linear distribution appears between the comprehensive pyrolysis index (CPI) and atomic H/C ratio, and CPI and crystallinity index (CrI). Fourier transform infrared spectra depict dehydration, decarboxylation, and decarbonylation occur during the torrefaction process. The scanning electron microscope images illustrated the surface characteristics are closely related to the release of volatiles during the torrefaction process. The solid 13C NMR spectra of raw and torrefied rice straw reflect that the aromaticity will improve with increasing the torrefaction severity. For LCA analysis, the environmental impact of the torrefaction process shows a positive correlation with torrefaction temperature, and the global warming potential is in the range of 0.1469–0.2707 kg CO2 emission. This study is meaningful for the evaluation of fuel properties and torrefaction performance as well as microstructure and reactivity of torrefied rice straw.

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  • Zhang, Congyu & Yang, Wu & Chen, Wei-Hsin & Ho, Shih-Hsin & Pétrissans, Anelie & Pétrissans, Mathieu, 2022. "Effect of torrefaction on the structure and reactivity of rice straw as well as life cycle assessment of torrefaction process," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:240:y:2022:i:c:s0360544221027195
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2021.122470
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zhang, Congyu & Ho, Shih-Hsin & Chen, Wei-Hsin & Xie, Youping & Liu, Zhenquan & Chang, Jo-Shu, 2018. "Torrefaction performance and energy usage of biomass wastes and their correlations with torrefaction severity index," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C), pages 598-604.
    2. Zhang, Congyu & Ho, Shih-Hsin & Chen, Wei-Hsin & Fu, Yujie & Chang, Jo-Shu & Bi, Xiaotao, 2019. "Oxidative torrefaction of biomass nutshells: Evaluations of energy efficiency as well as biochar transportation and storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C), pages 428-441.
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    1. Elem Patricia Rocha Alves & Orlando Salcedo-Puerto & Jesús Nuncira & Samuel Emebu & Clara Mendoza-Martinez, 2023. "Renewable Energy Potential and CO 2 Performance of Main Biomasses Used in Brazil," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-59, May.
    2. Xu, Hao & Cheng, Shuo & Hungwe, Douglas & Yoshikawa, Kunio & Takahashi, Fumitake, 2022. "Co-pyrolysis coupled with torrefaction enhances hydrocarbons production from rice straw and oil sludge: The effect of torrefaction on co-pyrolysis synergistic behaviors," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 327(C).
    3. Li, Yu & Tan, Zhiwu & Zhu, Youjian & Zhang, Wennan & Du, Zhenyi & Shao, Jingai & Jiang, Long & Yang, Haiping & Chen, Hanping, 2022. "Effects of P-based additives on agricultural biomass torrefaction and particulate matter emissions from fuel combustion," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 66-77.
    4. Shengpeng Xia & Anqing Zheng & Kun Zhao & Zengli Zhao & Haibin Li, 2022. "Evaluation of Pyrolysis Reactivity, Kinetics, and Gasification Reactivity of Corn Cobs after Torrefaction Pretreatment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-10, December.
    5. Maja Ivanovski & Aleksandra Petrovič & Darko Goričanec & Danijela Urbancl & Marjana Simonič, 2023. "Exploring the Properties of the Torrefaction Process and Its Prospective in Treating Lignocellulosic Material," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-20, September.

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