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Energy Harvesting by Waste Acid/Base Neutralization via Bipolar Membrane Reverse Electrodialysis

Author

Listed:
  • Andrea Zaffora

    (Engineering Department, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Andrea Culcasi

    (Engineering Department, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Luigi Gurreri

    (Engineering Department, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Alessandro Cosenza

    (Engineering Department, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Alessandro Tamburini

    (Engineering Department, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Monica Santamaria

    (Engineering Department, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Giorgio Micale

    (Engineering Department, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

Abstract

Bipolar Membrane Reverse Electrodialysis (BMRED) can be used to produce electricity exploiting acid-base neutralization, thus representing a valuable route in reusing waste streams. The present work investigates the performance of a lab-scale BMRED module under several operating conditions. By feeding the stack with 1 M HCl and NaOH streams, a maximum power density of ~17 W m −2 was obtained at 100 A m −2 with a 10-triplet stack with a flow velocity of 1 cm s −1 , while an energy density of ~10 kWh m −3 acid could be extracted by a complete neutralization. Parasitic currents along feed and drain manifolds significantly affected the performance of the stack when equipped with a higher number of triplets. The apparent permselectivity at 1 M acid and base decreased from 93% with the five-triplet stack to 54% with the 38-triplet stack, which exhibited lower values (~35% less) of power density. An important role may be played also by the presence of NaCl in the acidic and alkaline solutions. With a low number of triplets, the added salt had almost negligible effects. However, with a higher number of triplets it led to a reduction of 23.4–45.7% in power density. The risk of membrane delamination is another aspect that can limit the process performance. However, overall, the present results highlight the high potential of BMRED systems as a productive way of neutralizing waste solutions for energy harvesting.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrea Zaffora & Andrea Culcasi & Luigi Gurreri & Alessandro Cosenza & Alessandro Tamburini & Monica Santamaria & Giorgio Micale, 2020. "Energy Harvesting by Waste Acid/Base Neutralization via Bipolar Membrane Reverse Electrodialysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-22, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:20:p:5510-:d:432089
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Culcasi, Andrea & Gurreri, Luigi & Zaffora, Andrea & Cosenza, Alessandro & Tamburini, Alessandro & Micale, Giorgio, 2020. "On the modelling of an Acid/Base Flow Battery: An innovative electrical energy storage device based on pH and salinity gradients," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
    2. Giacalone, F. & Papapetrou, M. & Kosmadakis, G. & Tamburini, A. & Micale, G. & Cipollina, A., 2019. "Application of reverse electrodialysis to site-specific types of saline solutions: A techno-economic assessment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 532-547.
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    1. María Blecua-de-Pedro & Maryori C. Díaz-Ramírez, 2021. "Assessment of Potential Barriers to the Implementation of an Innovative AB-FB Energy Storage System under a Sustainable Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-16, October.

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