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Global Climate Data Processing and Mapping of Degradation Mechanisms and Degradation Rates of PV Modules

Author

Listed:
  • Julián Ascencio-Vásquez

    (Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Tržaška cesta 25, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia)

  • Ismail Kaaya

    (Fraunhofer Institute of Solar Energy, Heidenhofstr. 2, 79110 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
    School of Industrial Engineering, University of Malaga, 29016 Malaga, Andalucia, Spain)

  • Kristijan Brecl

    (Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Tržaška cesta 25, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia)

  • Karl-Anders Weiss

    (Fraunhofer Institute of Solar Energy, Heidenhofstr. 2, 79110 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany)

  • Marko Topič

    (Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Tržaška cesta 25, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia)

Abstract

Photovoltaic (PV) systems are the cheapest source of electricity in sunny locations and nearly all European countries. However, the fast deployment of PV systems around the world is bringing uncertainty to the PV community in terms of the reliability and long-term performance of PV modules under different climatic stresses, such as irradiation, temperature changes, and humidity. Methodologies and models to estimate the annual degradation rates of PV modules have been studied in the past, yet, an evaluation of the issue at global scale has not been addressed so far. Hereby, we process the ERA5 climate re-analysis dataset to extract and model the climatic stresses necessary for the calculation of degradation rates. These stresses are then applied to evaluate three degradation mechanisms (hydrolysis-degradation, thermomechanical-degradation, and photo- degradation) and the total degradation rate of PV modules due to the combination of temperature, humidity, and ultraviolet irradiation. Further on, spatial distribution of the degradation rates worldwide is computed and discussed proving direct correlation with the Köppen-Geiger-Photovoltaic climate zones, showing that the typical value considered for the degradation rate on PV design and manufacturer warranties (i.e., 0.5%/a) can vary ± 0.3%/a in the temperate zones of Europe and rise up to 1.5%/a globally. The mapping of degradation mechanisms and total degradation rates is provided for a monocrystalline silicon PV module. Additionally, we analyze the temporal evolution of degradation rates, where a global degradation rate is introduced and its dependence on global ambient temperature demonstrated. Finally, the categorization of degradation rates is made for Europe and worldwide to facilitate the understanding of the climatic stresses.

Suggested Citation

  • Julián Ascencio-Vásquez & Ismail Kaaya & Kristijan Brecl & Karl-Anders Weiss & Marko Topič, 2019. "Global Climate Data Processing and Mapping of Degradation Mechanisms and Degradation Rates of PV Modules," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-16, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:24:p:4749-:d:297339
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ping-Huan Kuo & Hsin-Chuan Chen & Chiou-Jye Huang, 2018. "Solar Radiation Estimation Algorithm and Field Verification in Taiwan," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-12, May.
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    3. Skoplaki, E. & Palyvos, J.A., 2009. "Operating temperature of photovoltaic modules: A survey of pertinent correlations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(1), pages 23-29.
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    6. Sina Herceg & Ismail Kaaya & Julián Ascencio-Vásquez & Marie Fischer & Karl-Anders Weiß & Liselotte Schebek, 2022. "The Influence of Different Degradation Characteristics on the Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Silicon Photovoltaics: A Threefold Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-15, May.
    7. Aritra Ghosh, 2020. "Soiling Losses: A Barrier for India’s Energy Security Dependency from Photovoltaic Power," Challenges, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-22, May.
    8. Julián Ascencio-Vásquez & Jakob Bevc & Kristjan Reba & Kristijan Brecl & Marko Jankovec & Marko Topič, 2020. "Advanced PV Performance Modelling Based on Different Levels of Irradiance Data Accuracy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-12, May.
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