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The Benefits of Variable Speed Operation in Hydropower Plants Driven by Francis Turbines

Author

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  • Edson Bortoni

    (Electric and Energy Systems Institute, Itajubá Federal University, Itajubá 37500-903, Brazil)

  • Zulcy de Souza

    (Institute of Natural Resources, Itajubá Federal University, Itajubá 37500-903, Brazil)

  • Augusto Viana

    (Institute of Natural Resources, Itajubá Federal University, Itajubá 37500-903, Brazil)

  • Helcio Villa-Nova

    (Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Itajubá Federal University, Itajubá 37500-903, Brazil)

  • Ângelo Rezek

    (Electric and Energy Systems Institute, Itajubá Federal University, Itajubá 37500-903, Brazil)

  • Luciano Pinto

    (Generation Projects Implementation Department, Furnas Centrais Elétricas, Goiânia 74923-650, Brazil)

  • Roberto Siniscalchi

    (Minas Production Department, Furnas Centrais Elétricas, São José da Barra 37945-970, Brazil)

  • Rafael Bragança

    (Electric and Energy Systems Institute, Itajubá Federal University, Itajubá 37500-903, Brazil)

  • José Bernardes

    (Electric and Energy Systems Institute, Itajubá Federal University, Itajubá 37500-903, Brazil)

Abstract

Climate change and environmental degradation has resulted in a reduction in water inflow at hydropower plants, as well as a decrease in reservoir levels. Existing hydropower plants suffer from water head reduction, mainly with decrease in efficiency of energy conversion in hydro turbines. This paper showcases the benefits of operations with variable speed in existing hydropower plants, when working at a lower water head than the rated one. Theoretical analyses and tests were performed in a special constructed laboratorial setup aiming at evaluating the amount of efficiency recovery with variable speed operation. Connection alternatives for a constant frequency grid and applications of the learned concepts in an existent hydropower plant are presented. The investigations were applied to the Furnas hydropower plant. The results point out that economic feasibility of the application can be achieved.

Suggested Citation

  • Edson Bortoni & Zulcy de Souza & Augusto Viana & Helcio Villa-Nova & Ângelo Rezek & Luciano Pinto & Roberto Siniscalchi & Rafael Bragança & José Bernardes, 2019. "The Benefits of Variable Speed Operation in Hydropower Plants Driven by Francis Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-20, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:19:p:3719-:d:271886
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Baoling Guo & Amgad Mohamed & Seddik Bacha & Mazen Alamir & Cédric Boudinet & Julien Pouget, 2020. "Reduced-Scale Models of Variable Speed Hydro-Electric Plants for Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Real-Time Simulations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-22, November.
    2. Wang, Wen-Quan & Yu, Zhi-Feng & Yan, Yan & Wei, Xin-Yu, 2024. "Numerical investigation on vortex characteristics in a low-head Francis turbine operating of adjustable-speed at part load conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 302(C).
    3. Zielinski, Michał & Myszkowski, Adam & Pelic, Marcin & Staniek, Roman, 2022. "Low-speed radial piston pump as an effective alternative power transmission for small hydropower plants," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 1012-1027.
    4. Damian Liszka & Zbigniew Krzemianowski & Tomasz Węgiel & Dariusz Borkowski & Andrzej Polniak & Konrad Wawrzykowski & Artur Cebula, 2022. "Alternative Solutions for Small Hydropower Plants," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-31, February.
    5. He Wang & Zhijie Ma, 2021. "Regulation Characteristics and Load Optimization of Pump-Turbine in Variable-Speed Operation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-21, December.

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