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Tip-Bed Velocity and Scour Depth of Horizontal-Axis Tidal Turbine with Consideration of Tip Clearance

Author

Listed:
  • Tianming Zhang

    (State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
    First R&D Services, A-08-16 M Suites, 283 Jalan Ampang, 50450 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

  • Wei Haur Lam

    (State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
    First R&D Services, A-08-16 M Suites, 283 Jalan Ampang, 50450 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

  • Yonggang Cui

    (State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
    First R&D Services, A-08-16 M Suites, 283 Jalan Ampang, 50450 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

  • Jinxin Jiang

    (State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
    First R&D Services, A-08-16 M Suites, 283 Jalan Ampang, 50450 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

  • Chong Sun

    (State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
    First R&D Services, A-08-16 M Suites, 283 Jalan Ampang, 50450 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

  • Jianhua Guo

    (State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
    First R&D Services, A-08-16 M Suites, 283 Jalan Ampang, 50450 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

  • Yanbo Ma

    (State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
    First R&D Services, A-08-16 M Suites, 283 Jalan Ampang, 50450 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

  • Shuguang Wang

    (State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
    First R&D Services, A-08-16 M Suites, 283 Jalan Ampang, 50450 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

  • Su Shiung Lam

    (Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, School of Ocean Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia)

  • Gerard Hamill

    (School of Natural and Built Environment, Architecture, Civil & Structural Engineering and Planning, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK)

Abstract

The scouring by a tidal turbine is investigated by using a joint theoretical and experimental approach in this work. The existence of a turbine obstructs a tidal flow to divert the flow passing through the narrow channel in between the blades and seabed. Flow suppression is the main cause behind inducing tidal turbine scouring, and its accelerated velocity is being termed as tip-bed velocity ( V tb ). A theoretical equation is currently proposed to predict the tip-bed velocity based on the axial momentum theory and the conservation of mass. The proposed tip-bed velocity equation is a function of four variables of rotor radius ( r ), tip-bed clearance ( C ), efflux velocity ( V 0 ) and free flow velocity ( V ∞ ), and a constant of mass flow coefficient ( C m ) of 0.25. An experimental apparatus was built to conduct the scour experiments. The results provide a better understanding of the scour mechanism of the horizontal axis tidal turbine-induced scour. The experimental results show that the scour depth is inversely proportional to tip-bed clearance. Turbine coefficient ( K t ) is proposed based on the relationship between the tip-bed velocity and the experimental tidal turbine scour depth. Inclusion of turbine coefficient ( K t ) into the existing pier scour equations can predict the maximum scour depth of a tidal turbine with an error range of 5–24%.

Suggested Citation

  • Tianming Zhang & Wei Haur Lam & Yonggang Cui & Jinxin Jiang & Chong Sun & Jianhua Guo & Yanbo Ma & Shuguang Wang & Su Shiung Lam & Gerard Hamill, 2019. "Tip-Bed Velocity and Scour Depth of Horizontal-Axis Tidal Turbine with Consideration of Tip Clearance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-24, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:12:p:2450-:d:242884
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wang, Shuguang & Lam, Wei-Haur & Cui, Yonggang & Zhang, Tianming & Jiang, Jinxin & Sun, Chong & Guo, Jianhua & Ma, Yanbo & Hamill, Gerard, 2018. "Novel energy coefficient used to predict efflux velocity of tidal current turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 730-745.
    2. Schluntz, J. & Willden, R.H.J., 2015. "The effect of blockage on tidal turbine rotor design and performance," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 432-441.
    3. Lam, Wei-Haur & Chen, Long & Hashim, Roslan, 2015. "Analytical wake model of tidal current turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 512-521.
    4. Rourke, Fergal O. & Boyle, Fergal & Reynolds, Anthony, 2010. "Marine current energy devices: Current status and possible future applications in Ireland," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(3), pages 1026-1036, April.
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