IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jecomi/v9y2021i4p174-d675686.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Impact of Industrialization, Trade Openness, Financial Development, and Energy Consumption on Economic Growth in Indonesia

Author

Listed:
  • Khalid Eltayeb Elfaki

    (Faculty of Economics and Business, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia
    Faculty of Commercial Studies, University of Gezira, Al Hilaliya 11114, Sudan)

  • Rossanto Dwi Handoyo

    (Faculty of Economics and Business, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia)

  • Kabiru Hannafi Ibrahim

    (Faculty of Social and Management Sciences, Federal University, Birnin Kebbi 860101, Nigeria)

Abstract

This study aimed to scrutinize the impact of financial development, energy consumption, industrialization, and trade openness on economic growth in Indonesia over the period 1984–2018. To do so, the study employed the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model to estimate the long-run and short-run nexus among the variables. Furthermore, fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS), dynamic least squares (DOLS), and canonical cointegrating regression (CCR) were used for a more robust examination of the empirical findings. The result of cointegration confirms the presence of cointegration among the variables. Findings from the ARDL indicate that industrialization, energy consumption, and financial development (measured by domestic credit) positively influence economic growth in the long run. However, financial development (measured by money supply) and trade openness demonstrate a negative effect on economic growth. The positive nexus among industrialization, financial development, energy consumption, and economic growth explains that these variables were stimulating growth in Indonesia. The error correction term indicates a 68% annual adjustment from any deviation in the previous period’s long-run equilibrium economic growth. These findings provide a strong testimony that industrialization and financial development are key to sustained long-run economic growth in Indonesia.

Suggested Citation

  • Khalid Eltayeb Elfaki & Rossanto Dwi Handoyo & Kabiru Hannafi Ibrahim, 2021. "The Impact of Industrialization, Trade Openness, Financial Development, and Energy Consumption on Economic Growth in Indonesia," Economies, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-13, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jecomi:v:9:y:2021:i:4:p:174-:d:675686
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7099/9/4/174/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7099/9/4/174/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Charfeddine, Lanouar & Ben Khediri, Karim, 2016. "Financial development and environmental quality in UAE: Cointegration with structural breaks," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 1322-1335.
    2. Robert G. King & Ross Levine, 1993. "Finance and Growth: Schumpeter Might Be Right," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 108(3), pages 717-737.
    3. Haryo Aswicahyono & Hal Hill & Dionisius Narjoko, 2011. "Indonesian Industrialization: A Latecomer Adjusting to Crises," WIDER Working Paper Series wp-2011-053, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    4. Hasan Gungor & Angela Uzoamaka Simon, 2017. "Energy Consumption, Finance and Growth: The Role of Urbanization and Industrialization in South Africa," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 7(3), pages 268-276.
    5. Komal, Rabia & Abbas, Faisal, 2015. "Linking financial development, economic growth and energy consumption in Pakistan," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 211-220.
    6. Mounir Belloumi & Atef Alshehry, 2020. "The Impact of International Trade on Sustainable Development in Saudi Arabia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(13), pages 1-18, July.
    7. Sharif Hossain, Md., 2011. "Panel estimation for CO2 emissions, energy consumption, economic growth, trade openness and urbanization of newly industrialized countries," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(11), pages 6991-6999.
    8. Beck, Thorsten, 2002. "Financial development and international trade: Is there a link?," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 57(1), pages 107-131, June.
    9. Khalid Eltayeb Elfaki & Adi Poernomo & Nurul Anwar & Abdul Aziz Ahmad, 2018. "Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence for Sudan," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 8(5), pages 35-41.
    10. Adedoyin Ramat Ayinde & Bilal Celik & Jelilov Gylych, 2019. "Effect of Economic Growth, Industrialization, and Urbanization on Energy Consumption in Nigeria: A Vector Error Correction Model Analysis," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 9(5), pages 409-418.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Asuamah Yeboah, Samuel, 2023. "Unleashing Ghana's Manufacturing Might: A Comprehensive Analysis of Performance, Competitiveness, and Policy Pathways," MPRA Paper 117982, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 13 Jun 2023.
    2. Khairul Aswadi & Abd. Jamal & Sofyan Syahnur & Muhammad Nasir, 2023. "Renewable and Non-renewable Energy Consumption in Indonesia: Does it Matter for Economic Growth?," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 13(2), pages 107-116, March.
    3. Ponle Henry Kareem & Mumtaz Ali & Turgut Tursoy & Wagdi Khalifa, 2023. "Testing the Effect of Oil Prices, Ecological Footprint, Banking Sector Development and Economic Growth on Energy Consumptions: Evidence from Bootstrap ARDL Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-19, April.
    4. Yıldırım, Durmuş Çağrı & Yıldırım, Seda & Turan, Tuğba & Gattone, Tulia & Magazzino, Cosimo, 2025. "Balancing green power: Hydropower and biomass energy's impact on environment in OECD countries‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 241(C).
    5. Souleymane Diallo & Youmanli Ouoba, 2024. "Effect of renewable energy on economic growth in sub‐Saharan Africa: Role of institutional quality," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 32(4), pages 3455-3470, August.
    6. Mara Madaleno & Manuel Carlos Nogueira, 2023. "How Renewable Energy and CO 2 Emissions Contribute to Economic Growth, and Sustainability—An Extensive Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-15, February.
    7. Chen, Shengming & Hassan, Muhammad Shahid & Latif, Ayesha & Rafay, Abdul & Mahmood, Haider & Xu, Xiaowei, 2023. "Investigating resource curse/blessing hypothesis: An empirical insights from Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and Portugal economies," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    8. Fatma Lestari & Dina Lusiana Setyowati & Adonis Muzanni & Abdul Kadir & Isradi Zainal & James Evert Adolf Liku & Anisa Kusumadewi Zulfikar & Iin Pratama Sari & Widya Mulya & Lina Yuliana & Iwan Zulfik, 2023. "Industrial and Environmental Disaster Risk Assessment for Hazardous Materials in Balikpapan City, East Kalimantan, Indonesia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-19, June.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mohamed Abdouli & Sami Hammami, 2020. "Economic Growth, Environment, FDI Inflows, and Financial Development in Middle East Countries: Fresh Evidence from Simultaneous Equation Models," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 11(2), pages 479-511, June.
    2. Iacovone, Leonardo & Ferro, Esteban & Pereira-López, Mariana & Zavacka, Veronika, 2019. "Banking crises and exports: Lessons from the past," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 192-204.
    3. Shahbaz, Muhammad & Hoang, Thi Hong Van & Mahalik, Mantu Kumar & Roubaud, David, 2017. "Energy consumption, financial development and economic growth in India: New evidence from a nonlinear and asymmetric analysis," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 199-212.
    4. Nasreen, Samia & Anwar, Sofia & Ozturk, Ilhan, 2017. "Financial stability, energy consumption and environmental quality: Evidence from South Asian economies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 1105-1122.
    5. Huan Zhou & Shaojian Qu & Qinglu Yuan & Shilei Wang, 2020. "Spatial Effects and Nonlinear Analysis of Energy Consumption, Financial Development, and Economic Growth in China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-18, September.
    6. Ying Ma & Abdul Jalil, 2008. "Financial Development, Economic Growth and Adaptive Efficiency: A Comparison between China and Pakistan," China & World Economy, Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 16(6), pages 97-111, November.
    7. Acheampong, Alex O., 2019. "Modelling for insight: Does financial development improve environmental quality?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 156-179.
    8. Michalski, Tomasz & Ors, Evren, 2012. "(Interstate) Banking and (interstate) trade: Does real integration follow financial integration?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 104(1), pages 89-117.
    9. Ferguson, Shon & Formai, Sara, 2013. "Institution-driven comparative advantage and organizational choice," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 90(1), pages 193-200.
    10. Hasan, Iftekhar & Hassan, Gazi & Kim, Suk-Joong & Wu, Eliza, 2021. "The real impact of ratings-based capital rules on the finance-growth nexus," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).
    11. Shahzad, Syed Jawad Hussain & Kumar, Ronald Ravinesh & Zakaria, Muhammad & Hurr, Maryam, 2017. "Carbon emission, energy consumption, trade openness and financial development in Pakistan: A revisit," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 185-192.
    12. Aqil Khan & Mumtaz Ahmed & Salma Bibi, 2019. "Financial development and economic growth nexus for Pakistan: a revisit using maximum entropy bootstrap approach," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 57(4), pages 1157-1169, October.
    13. Kumar, Nitish & Shaurav, Kumar, 2025. "Do disaggregated natural resources foster financial development? Evidence from linear and non-linear approaches," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C).
    14. Kalina Manova, 2013. "Credit Constraints, Heterogeneous Firms, and International Trade," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 80(2), pages 711-744.
    15. Crinò, Rosario & Ogliari, Laura, 2015. "Financial Frictions, Product Quality, and International Trade," CEPR Discussion Papers 10555, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    16. Siying Ding & Ahmad Lashkaripour & Volodymyr Lugovskyy, 2024. "A Global Perspective on the Incidence of Monopoly Distortions," CESifo Working Paper Series 11211, CESifo.
    17. Tafirenyika Sunde, 2018. "The interaction of energy consumption and economic growth in South Africa: assessment from the bounds testing approach," International Journal of Sustainable Economy, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 10(2), pages 170-183.
    18. Juan Carluccio & Thibault Fally, 2012. "Global Sourcing under Imperfect Capital Markets," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 94(3), pages 740-763, August.
    19. Rabia Khatun, 2019. "Openness in Financial Services Trade and Financial Development: Evidence from the BRICS Economies," South Asian Survey, , vol. 26(1), pages 55-69, March.
    20. OZTURK, Ilhan, 2008. "Financial Development And Economic Growth: Evidence From Turkey," Applied Econometrics and International Development, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 8(1), pages 85-98.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jecomi:v:9:y:2021:i:4:p:174-:d:675686. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.