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Field Validation of the DNDC-Rice Model for Crop Yield, Nitrous Oxide Emissions and Carbon Sequestration in a Soybean System with Rye Cover Crop Management

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  • Qiliang Huang

    (United Graduate School of Agriculture Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan)

  • Nobuko Katayanagi

    (Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604, Japan)

  • Masakazu Komatsuzaki

    (College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan)

  • Tamon Fumoto

    (Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604, Japan)

Abstract

The DNDC-Rice model effectively simulates yield and greenhouse gas emissions within a paddy system, while its performance under upland conditions remains unclear. Using data from a long-term cover crop experiment (fallow [FA] vs. rye [RY]) in a soybean field, this study validated the DNDC-Rice model’s performance in simulating soil dynamics, crop growth, and C-N cycling processes in upland systems through various indicators, including soil temperature, water-filled pore space (WFPS), soybean biomass and yield, CO 2 and N 2 O fluxes, and soil organic carbon (SOC). Based on simulated results, the underestimation of cumulative N 2 O flux (25.6% in FA and 5.1% in RY) was attributed to both underestimated WFPS and the algorithm’s limitations in simulating N 2 O emission pulses. Overestimated soybean growth increased respiration, leading to the overestimation of CO 2 flux. Although the model captured trends in SOC stock, the simulated annual values differed from observations (−9.9% to +10.1%), potentially due to sampling errors. These findings indicate that the DNDC-Rice model requires improvements in its N cycling algorithm and crop growth sub-models to improve predictions for upland systems. This study provides validation evidence for applying DNDC-Rice to upland systems and offers direction for improving model simulation in paddy-upland rotation systems, thereby enhancing its applicability in such contexts.

Suggested Citation

  • Qiliang Huang & Nobuko Katayanagi & Masakazu Komatsuzaki & Tamon Fumoto, 2025. "Field Validation of the DNDC-Rice Model for Crop Yield, Nitrous Oxide Emissions and Carbon Sequestration in a Soybean System with Rye Cover Crop Management," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-18, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:15:y:2025:i:14:p:1525-:d:1701875
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Dun-Chun He & Yan-Li Ma & Zhuan-Zhuan Li & Chang-Sui Zhong & Zhao-Bang Cheng & Jiasui Zhan, 2021. "Crop Rotation Enhances Agricultural Sustainability: From an Empirical Evaluation of Eco-Economic Benefits in Rice Production," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-14, January.
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    5. Benjamin Wolf & Xunhua Zheng & Nicolas Brüggemann & Weiwei Chen & Michael Dannenmann & Xingguo Han & Mark A. Sutton & Honghui Wu & Zhisheng Yao & Klaus Butterbach-Bahl, 2010. "Grazing-induced reduction of natural nitrous oxide release from continental steppe," Nature, Nature, vol. 464(7290), pages 881-884, April.
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