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Multidimensional Typology of Mexican Farmers in the Context of Climate Change

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  • María de Lourdes Maldonado-Méndez

    (Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Km. 38.5 Carretera México-Texcoco, Chapingo, Texcoco CP 56230, Estado de México, Mexico)

  • José Luis Romo-Lozano

    (División de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Km. 38.5 Carretera México-Texcoco, Chapingo, Texcoco CP 56230, Estado de México, Mexico)

  • Julio Baca del Moral

    (Dirección de Centros Regionales Universitarios, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Km. 38.5 Carretera México-Texcoco, Chapingo, Texcoco CP 56230, Estado de México, Mexico)

  • Alejandro Ismael Monterroso-Rivas

    (Departamento de Suelos, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Km. 38.5 Carretera México-Texcoco, Chapingo, Texcoco CP 56230, Estado de México, Mexico)

Abstract

Mexico has a wide range of biophysical and socioeconomic conditions that result in farmers with highly diverse traits and activities in relation to their livelihoods. The aim of this research was to identify specific traits of Mexican farmers that would allow them to be classified through a multidimensional approach that includes the risk of production in the face of exposure and vulnerability to climate change. The method included three dimensions: producer sensitivity, production destination, and exposure to climate change. Principal component analysis combined with the Dalenius and Hodges optimal stratification technique was used to stratify the universe of agricultural producers. The results show that up to 227 groups of agricultural producers can be identified in Mexico, and it was possible to classify them into 19 types, ranging from agricultural producers at greatest risk due to the adverse effects of climate change to agricultural producers with fewer difficulties to produce in conditions of climate change. This proposed multidimensional typology of agricultural producers can become an essential input for designing, reorienting, or focusing public policies in the agricultural sector and moving towards fulfilling the commitments declared in the INDC-2030.

Suggested Citation

  • María de Lourdes Maldonado-Méndez & José Luis Romo-Lozano & Julio Baca del Moral & Alejandro Ismael Monterroso-Rivas, 2022. "Multidimensional Typology of Mexican Farmers in the Context of Climate Change," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-18, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:8:p:1079-:d:869417
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yunez-Naude, Antonio & Edward Taylor, J., 2001. "The Determinants of Nonfarm Activities and Incomes of Rural Households in Mexico, with Emphasis on Education," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 29(3), pages 561-572, March.
    2. Graskemper, Viktoria & Yu, Xiaohua & Feil, Jan-Henning, 2021. "Farmer typology and implications for policy design – An unsupervised machine learning approach," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C).
    3. Camila I. Donatti & Celia A. Harvey & M. Ruth Martinez-Rodriguez & Raffaele Vignola & Carlos Manuel Rodriguez, 2017. "What information do policy makers need to develop climate adaptation plans for smallholder farmers? The case of Central America and Mexico," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 141(1), pages 107-121, March.
    4. Francisco Estrada & Carlos Gay & Cecilia Conde, 2012. "A methodology for the risk assessment of climate variability and change under uncertainty. A case study: coffee production in Veracruz, Mexico," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 113(2), pages 455-479, July.
    5. Magrin, Graciela, 2015. "Adaptación al cambio climático en América Latina y el Caribe," Documentos de Proyectos 39842, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
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    1. Zhong, Jia & Xu, Dingde & Chen, Ruiyin & Liu, Shaoquan & Yu, Hui & Liu, Lingxue & Hou, Chang, 2025. "Modeling farmers' climate change adaptation strategies: An integrated SEM-SD approach in Southwest China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 319(C).
    2. Yadihra Cruz-Sánchez & Alejandro Ismael Monterroso-Rivas, 2025. "Climate change-driven vulnerability of Mexico regions toward food insecurity," Food Security: The Science, Sociology and Economics of Food Production and Access to Food, Springer;The International Society for Plant Pathology, vol. 17(3), pages 721-738, June.

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