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Criticit? e prospettive della finanza comunale nel Mezzogiorno alla vigilia del Covid-19

Author

Listed:
  • Anna Laura Mancini
  • Alfredo Bardozzetti
  • Giacomo Ziglio
  • Paolo Chiades
  • Vanni Mengotto

Abstract

L?emergenza Covid-19 ha interessato i Comuni del Mezzogiorno in una fase caratterizzata da condizioni di bilancio critiche, soprattutto per gli enti di maggiori dimensioni. Dal lato delle entrate, le municipalit? meridionali sono storicamente caratterizzate da una forte dipendenza dai trasferimenti erariali a fronte di una modesta base imponibile dei tributi locali e di una scarsa capacit? di riscossione. Dal lato delle spese, a maggiori difficolt? di realizzazione degli investimenti rispetto al resto del Paese si accompagna una quota elevata di spesa corrente assorbita da voci difficilmente comprimibili (personale, onere del debito e ripiano dei disavanzi). La contrazione delle risorse statali nell?ultimo decennio ha ulteriormente limitato la spesa per investimenti e il livello dei servizi offerti che, per una larga parte dei Comuni meridionali, appare inadeguato rispetto ai bisogni della collettivit?. Le condizioni di bilancio sono peggiorate, con percentuali di enti in disavanzo o in situazioni di dissesto finanziario ampiamente superiori alla media nazionale; l?introduzione della nuova contabilit? armonizzata ha contribuito a far emergere le criticit? accumulate. I finanziamenti governativi volti a compensare i Comuni delle perdite di gettito e delle maggiori spese indotte dalla crisi pandemica hanno ampiamente superato i loro fabbisogni finanziari, favorendo un generalizzato miglioramento, ancorch? temporaneo, delle condizioni di bilancio. In prospettiva, tutta- via, le difficolt? finanziarie dei Comuni meridionali potranno essere superate solo con il completamento di un sistema perequativo che tenga pienamente conto degli effettivi fabbisogni di spesa (da definire in funzione dei Livelli essenziali delle prestazioni) e delle basi imponibili locali, il rafforzamento della capacit? di riscos- sione degli enti e un uso pi? efficiente delle risorse. Primi passi in questa direzione si sono concretizzati nell?ultimo biennio; uno stimolo al riavvio del processo di riforma federalista, con particolare riguardo alla perequazione di tipo infrastrutturale, potrebbe derivare dall?attuazione del Piano Nazionale di Ripresa e Resilienza.

Suggested Citation

  • Anna Laura Mancini & Alfredo Bardozzetti & Giacomo Ziglio & Paolo Chiades & Vanni Mengotto, 2023. "Criticit? e prospettive della finanza comunale nel Mezzogiorno alla vigilia del Covid-19," ECONOMIA PUBBLICA, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 2023(1), pages 33-95.
  • Handle: RePEc:fan:epepep:v:html10.3280/ep2023-001004
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Picchio, Matteo & Santolini, Raffaella, 2020. "Fiscal rules and budget forecast errors of Italian municipalities," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
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    4. Daniela Monacelli & Maria Grazia Pazienza & Chiara Rapallini, 2016. "Municipality Budget Rules and Debt: Is the Italian Regulation Effective?," Public Budgeting & Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 36(3), pages 114-140, September.
    5. Chiades, Paolo & Greco, Luciano & Mengotto, Vanni & Moretti, Luigi & Valbonesi, Paola, 2019. "Fiscal consolidation by intergovernmental transfers cuts? The unpleasant effect on expenditure arrears," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 266-275.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Mezzogiorno.;

    JEL classification:

    • H70 - Public Economics - - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations - - - General
    • H71 - Public Economics - - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations - - - State and Local Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue
    • H72 - Public Economics - - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations - - - State and Local Budget and Expenditures

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