IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/ekz/ekonoz/2019212.html

Funding for longer lives. Retirement wallet and risk-sharing annuities

Author

Listed:
  • Jorge Miguel Bravo

    (NOVA IMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa & MagIC & CEFAGE-UE & Université Paris-Dauphine)

Abstract

Longevity increases and population ageing create challenges for all societal institutions, particularly those providing retirement income, health care, and long-term care services. At the individual level, an obvious question is how to ensure all retirees have an adequate, secure, stable and predictable lifelong income stream that will allow them to maintain a target standard of living for however long the individual lives. In this paper we introduce and discuss the concept of retirement wallet representing the multiple income and service sources individuals and their families will have to fund for longer lives. We then address the main decumulation risks and options, including the adoption of a given longevity insurance strategy, of a programmed withdrawal strategy and of an investment strategy. The main payout options available for allocating assets accumulated in pension plans are discussed, particularly the role of traditional and innovative investment and longevity risk-sharing structures. We provide illustrative results for the price of innovative participating longevity-linked life annuities (PLLAs) that link benefits to the dynamics of both a longevity index and an interest rate adjustment factor using Spanish mortality and financial market data.

Suggested Citation

  • Jorge Miguel Bravo, 2019. "Funding for longer lives. Retirement wallet and risk-sharing annuities," EKONOMIAZ. Revista vasca de Economía, Gobierno Vasco / Eusko Jaurlaritza / Basque Government, vol. 96(02), pages 268-291.
    • Handle: RePEc:ekz:ekonoz:2019212
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.euskadi.eus/web01-a2reveko/es/k86aEkonomiazWar/ekonomiaz/downloadPDF?R01HNoPortal=true&idpubl=92®istro=17
    File Function: complete text
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ventura Bravo, Jorge Miguel & Pereira da Silva, Carlos Manuel, 2006. "Immunization using a stochastic-process independent multi-factor model: The Portuguese experience," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(1), pages 133-156, January.
    2. Milevsky, Moshe A. & Salisbury, Thomas S., 2015. "Optimal retirement income tontines," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 91-105.
    3. Vasicek, Oldrich, 1977. "An equilibrium characterization of the term structure," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 5(2), pages 177-188, November.
    4. Holzmann, Robert & Ayuso, Mercedes & Alaminos, Estefanía & Bravo, Jorge Miguel, 2019. "Life Cycle Saving and Dissaving Revisited across Three-Tiered Income Groups: Starting Hypotheses, Refinement through Literature Review, and Ideas for Empirical Testing," IZA Discussion Papers 12655, IZA Network @ LISER.
    5. Bravo, Jorge M. & Ayuso, Mercedes & Holzmann, Robert & Palmer, Edward, 2021. "Addressing the life expectancy gap in pension policy," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 200-221.
    6. Denuit, Michel & Haberman, Steven & Renshaw, Arthur, 2011. "Longevity-indexed life annuities," LIDAM Reprints ISBA 2011024, Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Statistics, Biostatistics and Actuarial Sciences (ISBA).
    7. Bravo, Jorge M. & Herce, Jose A., 2022. "Career breaks, broken pensions? Long-run effects of early and late-career unemployment spells on pension entitlements," Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, Cambridge University Press, vol. 21(2), pages 191-217, April.
    8. Michel Denuit & Steven Haberman & Arthur Renshaw, 2011. "Longevity-Indexed Life Annuities," North American Actuarial Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 15(1), pages 97-111.
    9. Ayuso, Mercedes & Bravo, Jorge Miguel & Holzmann, Robert, 2016. "On the Heterogeneity in Longevity among Socioeconomic Groups: Scope, Trends, and Implications for Earnings-Related Pension Schemes," IZA Discussion Papers 10060, IZA Network @ LISER.
    10. Vasicek, Oldrich Alfonso, 1977. "Abstract: An Equilibrium Characterization of the Term Structure," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 12(4), pages 627-627, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Cláudia Simões & Luís Oliveira & Jorge M. Bravo, 2021. "Immunization Strategies for Funding Multiple Inflation-Linked Retirement Income Benefits," Risks, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-28, March.
    2. Bravo, Jorge M. & Ayuso, Mercedes & Holzmann, Robert & Palmer, Edward, 2021. "Addressing the life expectancy gap in pension policy," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 200-221.
    3. Bravo, Jorge M. & Nunes, João Pedro Vidal, 2021. "Pricing longevity derivatives via Fourier transforms," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 81-97.
    4. Mercedes Ayuso & Jorge M. Bravo & Robert Holzmann & Edward Palmer, 2021. "Automatic Indexation of the Pension Age to Life Expectancy: When Policy Design Matters," Risks, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-28, May.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Bravo, Jorge Miguel & El Mekkaoui de Freitas, Najat, 2018. "Valuation of longevity-linked life annuities," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 212-229.
    2. Mercedes Ayuso & Jorge M. Bravo & Robert Holzmann & Edward Palmer, 2021. "Automatic Indexation of the Pension Age to Life Expectancy: When Policy Design Matters," Risks, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-28, May.
    3. Cláudia Simões & Luís Oliveira & Jorge M. Bravo, 2021. "Immunization Strategies for Funding Multiple Inflation-Linked Retirement Income Benefits," Risks, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-28, March.
    4. Bégin, Jean-François & Sanders, Barbara, 2024. "Benefit volatility-targeting strategies in lifetime pension pools," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 72-94.
    5. Moshe A. Milevsky & Thomas S. Salisbury, 2025. "The Riccati tontine: how to satisfy regulators on average," The Geneva Risk and Insurance Review, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association for the Study of Insurance Economics (The Geneva Association), vol. 50(1), pages 72-102, March.
    6. Annamaria Olivieri, 2021. "Designing Annuities with Flexibility Opportunities in an Uncertain Mortality Scenario," Risks, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-18, October.
    7. Bommier, Antoine & Schernberg, Hélène, 2021. "Would you prefer your retirement income to depend on your life expectancy?," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    8. Etienne Vaccaro-Grange, 2025. "Quantitative easing, tightening, and the term premium channel in the Euro Area," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 69(6), pages 3089-3125, December.
    9. Chuong Luong & Nikolai Dokuchaev, 2016. "Modeling Dependency Of Volatility On Sampling Frequency Via Delay Equations," Annals of Financial Economics (AFE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 11(02), pages 1-21, June.
    10. Prakash Chakraborty & Kiseop Lee, 2022. "Bond Prices Under Information Asymmetry and a Short Rate with Instantaneous Feedback," Methodology and Computing in Applied Probability, Springer, vol. 24(2), pages 613-634, June.
    11. Foad Shokrollahi & Marcin Marcin Magdziarz, 2020. "Equity warrant pricing under subdiffusive fractional Brownian motion of the short rate," Papers 2007.12228, arXiv.org, revised Nov 2020.
    12. Gonçalo Jacinto & Patrícia A. Filipe & Carlos A. Braumann, 2022. "Profit Optimization of Cattle Growth with Variable Prices," Methodology and Computing in Applied Probability, Springer, vol. 24(3), pages 1917-1952, September.
    13. Olivier Le Courtois, 2022. "On the Diversification of Fixed Income Assets," Risks, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-21, February.
    14. Bjork, Tomas, 2009. "Arbitrage Theory in Continuous Time," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, edition 3, number 9780199574742.
    15. Moreno, Manuel & Novales, Alfonso & Platania, Federico, 2019. "Long-term swings and seasonality in energy markets," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 279(3), pages 1011-1023.
    16. Frank De Jong & Joost Driessen & Antoon Pelsser, 2001. "Libor Market Models versus Swap Market Models for Pricing Interest Rate Derivatives: An Empirical Analysis," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 5(3), pages 201-237.
    17. João Nunes, 2011. "American options and callable bonds under stochastic interest rates and endogenous bankruptcy," Review of Derivatives Research, Springer, vol. 14(3), pages 283-332, October.
    18. Mahdavi, Mahnaz, 2008. "A comparison of international short-term rates under no arbitrage condition," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 18(3), pages 303-318.
    19. Ilias Lekkos, 2003. "Cross‐sectional Restrictions on the Spot and Forward Term Structures of Interest Rates and Panel Unit Root Tests," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 30(5‐6), pages 799-828, June.
    20. Chang Shih-Chieh Bill & Lee Yen-Kuan, 2020. "Currency Uncertainty, Interest Guarantee, and Risk-Based Premiums in Life Insurance Guaranty Schemes," Asia-Pacific Journal of Risk and Insurance, De Gruyter, vol. 14(2), pages 1-30, July.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    JEL classification:

    • G22 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Insurance; Insurance Companies; Actuarial Studies
    • G23 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Non-bank Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Institutional Investors
    • G13 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Contingent Pricing; Futures Pricing
    • C15 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Statistical Simulation Methods: General

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ekz:ekonoz:2019212. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Iñaki Treviño (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/debages.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.