IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/trapol/v76y2019icp21-35.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

From a feeder port to a hub port: The evolution pathways, dynamics and perspectives of Ningbo-Zhoushan port (China)

Author

Listed:
  • Feng, Hongxiang
  • Grifoll, Manel
  • Zheng, Pengjun

Abstract

This paper analyses the spatio-temporal evolution of Ningbo-Zhoushan port growing from a feeder port to a hub port finding the historical pathways followed by its expanding in terms of container throughput capacity and total traffic. The dynamic mechanism of evolution is the results of economic globalization, containerization and its natural endowments in channel and terminal depths. Analysis of the traffic evolution and its underlying dynamics suggest 3 periods in the development processes of container transport in Ningbo-Zhoushan: (1) adoption period (1986–2000) in which the main dynamics is the impact of the Chinese ‘Open Door policy’; (2) acceleration period (2001–2008) in which the dynamics is related of the mainland China's entry into the World Trade Organization; (3) peak growth period (2009-now) in which the dynamics is impacted by the anti-crisis strategy against the financial and economic crisis in 2008. We analyse the perspectives of Ningbo-Zhoushan port. ARIMA model is employed to forecast the container traffic in the coming future; about after 2026, the throughput in Ningbo-Zhoushan port would reach about 49 million TEU which would be approximately equal to that of Shanghai port. The resultant port development would exemplify a model of spatial distribution such as a multi-layered gateway hub. In the respect of growth potential, Ningbo-Zhoushan port possesses excellent coastline resource suitable for deep-water berthing, bonded port policy and free trade zone policy. Geographical position, service level, hinterland economic level and government will support its perspectives.

Suggested Citation

  • Feng, Hongxiang & Grifoll, Manel & Zheng, Pengjun, 2019. "From a feeder port to a hub port: The evolution pathways, dynamics and perspectives of Ningbo-Zhoushan port (China)," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 21-35.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:trapol:v:76:y:2019:i:c:p:21-35
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2019.01.013
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967070X1830622X
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.tranpol.2019.01.013?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Chengjin Wang & César Ducruet, 2012. "New port development and global city making : Emergence of the Shanghai-Yangshan multilayered gateway hub," Post-Print hal-03246961, HAL.
    2. Ümit Gökkuş & Mehmet Sinan Yıldırım & Metin Mutlu Aydin, 2017. "Estimation of Container Traffic at Seaports by Using Several Soft Computing Methods: A Case of Turkish Seaports," Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society, Hindawi, vol. 2017, pages 1-15, March.
    3. Theo E. Notteboom * & Jean-Paul Rodrigue, 2005. "Port regionalization: towards a new phase in port development," Maritime Policy & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 32(3), pages 297-313, July.
    4. Yibin Xiao & Adolf K.Y. Ng & Hangjun Yang & Xiaowen Fu, 2012. "An Analysis of the Dynamics of Ownership, Capacity Investments and Pricing Structure of Ports," Transport Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 32(5), pages 629-652, June.
    5. Martin Parker, 2013. "Containerisation: Moving Things and Boxing Ideas," Mobilities, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 8(3), pages 368-387, September.
    6. Fan, Lei & Wilson, William W. & Dahl, Bruce, 2012. "Congestion, port expansion and spatial competition for US container imports," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 48(6), pages 1121-1136.
    7. Twrdy, Elen & Batista, Milan, 2016. "Modeling of container throughput in Northern Adriatic ports over the period 1990–2013," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 131-142.
    8. Chengjin Wang & César Ducruet, 2012. "New port development and global city making: Emergence of the Shanghai-Yangshan multilayered gateway hub," Post-Print halshs-00717879, HAL.
    9. Xin Tian & Liming Liu & K. K. Lai & Shouyang Wang, 2013. "Analysis and forecasting of port logistics using TEI@I methodology," Transportation Planning and Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 36(8), pages 685-702, December.
    10. Feng-Ming Tsai & Linda J.W. Huang, 2017. "Using artificial neural networks to predict container flows between the major ports of Asia," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 55(17), pages 5001-5010, September.
    11. Wang, Chengjin & Ducruet, César, 2012. "New port development and global city making: emergence of the Shanghai–Yangshan multilayered gateway hub," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 58-69.
    12. Jeffrey A. Frankel, 2000. "Globalization of the Economy," NBER Working Papers 7858, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    13. Guerrero, David & Rodrigue, Jean-Paul, 2014. "The waves of containerization: shifts in global maritime transportation," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 151-164.
    14. Witt, Stephen F. & Witt, Christine A., 1995. "Forecasting tourism demand: A review of empirical research," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 11(3), pages 447-475, September.
    15. Yu, Lean & Wang, Shouyang & Lai, Kin Keung, 2008. "Forecasting crude oil price with an EMD-based neural network ensemble learning paradigm," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 30(5), pages 2623-2635, September.
    16. Imai, Akio & Nishimura, Etsuko & Papadimitriou, Stratos & Liu, Miaojia, 2006. "The economic viability of container mega-ships," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 42(1), pages 21-41, January.
    17. Kevin Cullinane & Yahui Teng & Teng-Fei Wang, 2005. "Port competition between Shanghai and Ningbo," Maritime Policy & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 32(4), pages 331-346, October.
    18. Liehui Wang & Theo Notteboom & Yui-yip Lau & Adolf K. Y. Ng, 2017. "Functional Differentiation and Sustainability: A New Stage of Development in the Chinese Container Port System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(3), pages 1-17, February.
    19. Gu Pang & Bartosz Gebka, 2017. "Forecasting container throughput using aggregate or terminal-specific data? The case of Tanjung Priok Port, Indonesia," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 55(9), pages 2454-2469, May.
    20. Jean-Paul Rodrigue & Theo Notteboom, 2015. "Looking inside the box: evidence from the containerization of commodities and the cold chain," Maritime Policy & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 42(3), pages 207-227, April.
    21. Michael C Ircha, 2001. "Serving Tomorrow's Mega-Size Containerships: The Canadian Solution," Maritime Economics & Logistics, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), vol. 3(3), pages 318-332, September.
    22. Bart W. Wiegmans & Anthony Van Der Hoest & Theo E. Notteboom, 2008. "Port and terminal selection by deep-sea container operators," Maritime Policy & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 35(6), pages 517-534, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Feng, Hongxiang & Grifoll, Manel & Yang, Zhongzhen & Zheng, Pengjun & Martin-Mallofre, Agustí, 2020. "Visualization of container throughput evolution of the Yangtze River Delta multi-port system: the ternary diagram method," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 142(C).
    2. Zhang, Qiang & Yan, Kai & Yang, Dong, 2021. "Port system evolution in Chinese coastal regions: A provincial perspective," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 92(C).
    3. Wan, Shulin & Luan, Weixin, 2022. "Hinterland evolution and port growth decomposition: The case of Shanghai," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    4. Feng, Hongxiang & Grifoll, Manel & Yang, Zhongzhen & Zheng, Pengjun, 2021. "Latest challenges to ports in public-private partnership: Case of Dandong Port (China)'s bankruptcy," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 293-305.
    5. Jiang, Ziran & Lei, Liping & Zhang, Jianzhen & Wang, Chengjin & Ye, Shilin, 2023. "Spatio-temporal evolution and location factors of port and shipping service enterprises: A case study of the Yangtze River Delta," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 106(C).
    6. Huang, Dong & Grifoll, Manel & Sanchez-Espigares, Jose A. & Zheng, Pengjun & Feng, Hongxiang, 2022. "Hybrid approaches for container traffic forecasting in the context of anomalous events: The case of the Yangtze River Delta region in the COVID-19 pandemic," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 1-12.
    7. Zhou, Yutao & Li, Zhenfu & Duan, Wei & Deng, Zhao, 2023. "The impact of provincial port integration on port efficiency: Empirical evidence from China's Coastal Provinces," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
    8. Ziran, Jiang & Chunfang, Pi & Huayou, Zhu & Chengjin, Wang & Shilin, Ye, 2022. "Temporal and spatial evolution and influencing factors of the port system in Yangtze River Delta Region from the perspective of dual circulation: Comparing port domestic trade throughput with port for," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 79-90.
    9. Zhao, Deng & Zhen-fu, Li & Yu-tao, Zhou & Xiao, Chen & Shan-shan, Liang, 2020. "Measurement and spatial spillover effects of port comprehensive strength: Empirical evidence from China," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 288-298.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zheng, Jianfeng & Yang, Dong, 2016. "Hub-and-spoke network design for container shipping along the Yangtze River," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 51-57.
    2. Chengjin Wang & César Ducruet, 2013. "Regional resilience and spatial cycles: Long-term evolution of the Chinese port system (221BC-2010AD)," Post-Print halshs-00831906, HAL.
    3. Qu, Chenrui & Zeng, Qingcheng & Li, Kevin X. & Lin, Kun-Chin, 2020. "Modeling incentive strategies for landside integration in multimodal transport chains," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 47-64.
    4. Zhang, Qiang & Yan, Kai & Yang, Dong, 2021. "Port system evolution in Chinese coastal regions: A provincial perspective," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 92(C).
    5. Yang, Jinglei & Luo, Meifeng & Ji, Abing, 2016. "Analyzing the spatial–temporal evolution of a gateway’s hinterland: A case study of Shanghai, China," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 355-367.
    6. Jiang, Ziran & Lei, Liping & Zhang, Jianzhen & Wang, Chengjin & Ye, Shilin, 2023. "Spatio-temporal evolution and location factors of port and shipping service enterprises: A case study of the Yangtze River Delta," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 106(C).
    7. Park, Jin Suk & Seo, Young-Joon, 2016. "The impact of seaports on the regional economies in South Korea: Panel evidence from the augmented Solow model," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 107-119.
    8. Wan, Zheng & Zhang, Yang & Wang, Xuefeng & Chen, Jihong, 2014. "Policy and politics behind Shanghai’s Free Trade Zone Program," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 1-6.
    9. Ling Yu & Pengfei Xu & Jia Shi & Jihong Chen & Hong Zhen, 2020. "Driving Mechanism of Port-City Spatial Relation Evolution from an Ecological Perspective: Case Study of Xiamen Port of China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-18, April.
    10. Yap, Wei Yim & Hsieh, Cheng-Hsien & Lee, Paul Tae-Woo, 2023. "Shipping connectivity data analytics: Implications for maritime policy," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 112-127.
    11. Song, Lili & van Geenhuizen, Marina, 2014. "Port infrastructure investment and regional economic growth in China: Panel evidence in port regions and provinces," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 173-183.
    12. Jin, Jiahuan & Ma, Mingyu & Jin, Huan & Cui, Tianxiang & Bai, Ruibin, 2023. "Container terminal daily gate in and gate out forecasting using machine learning methods," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 163-174.
    13. Ziran, Jiang & Chunfang, Pi & Huayou, Zhu & Chengjin, Wang & Shilin, Ye, 2022. "Temporal and spatial evolution and influencing factors of the port system in Yangtze River Delta Region from the perspective of dual circulation: Comparing port domestic trade throughput with port for," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 79-90.
    14. Notteboom, Theo & Yang, Dong & Xu, Hua, 2020. "Container barge network development in inland rivers: A comparison between the Yangtze River and the Rhine River," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 587-605.
    15. Feng, Hongxiang & Grifoll, Manel & Yang, Zhongzhen & Zheng, Pengjun, 2021. "Latest challenges to ports in public-private partnership: Case of Dandong Port (China)'s bankruptcy," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 293-305.
    16. Yang, Dong & Wang, Kelly Yujie & Xu, Hua & Zhang, Zhehui, 2017. "Path to a multilayered transshipment port system: How the Yangtze River bulk port system has evolved," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 54-64.
    17. César Ducruet & Liehui Wang, 2018. "China’s Global Shipping Connectivity: Internal and External Dynamics in the Contemporary Era (1890–2016)," Post-Print halshs-01832319, HAL.
    18. Chengjin Wang & César Ducruet, 2013. "Regional Resilience and Spatial Cycles: Long-Term Evolution of the Chinese Port System (221bc–2010ad)," Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG, vol. 104(5), pages 521-538, December.
    19. Wilmsmeier, Gordon & Monios, Jason & Pérez-Salas, Gabriel, 2014. "Port system evolution – the case of Latin America and the Caribbean," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 208-221.
    20. Wilmsmeier, Gordon & Monios, Jason, 2016. "Institutional structure and agency in the governance of spatial diversification of port system evolution in Latin America," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 294-307.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:trapol:v:76:y:2019:i:c:p:21-35. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/30473/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.