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Teleworking during COVID-19 in the Netherlands: Understanding behaviour, attitudes, and future intentions of train travellers

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  • Ton, Danique
  • Arendsen, Koen
  • de Bruyn, Menno
  • Severens, Valerie
  • van Hagen, Mark
  • van Oort, Niels
  • Duives, Dorine

Abstract

With the arrival of COVID-19 in the Netherlands in Spring 2020 and the start of the “intelligent lockdown”, daily life changed drastically. The working population was urged to telework as much as possible. However, not everyone had a suitable job for teleworking or liked teleworking. From a mobility perspective, teleworking was considered a suitable means to alleviate travel. Even after the pandemic it can (continue to) reduce pressure on the mobility system during peak hours, thereby improving efficiency and level of service of transport services. Additionally, this could reduce transport externalities, such as emissions and unsafety. The structural impact from teleworking offers opportunities, but also challenges for the planning and operations of public transport. The aim of this study is to better understand teleworking during and after COVID-19 among train travellers, to support operators and authorities in their policy making and design. We study the telework behaviour, attitude towards teleworking, and future intentions through a longitudinal data collection. By applying a latent class cluster analysis, we identified six types of teleworkers, varying in their frequency of teleworking, attitude towards teleworking, intentions to the future, socio-demographics and employer policy. In terms of willingness-to-telework in the future, we distinguish three groups: the high willingness-to-telework group (71%), the low willingness-to-telework group (16%), and the least-impacted self-employed (12%). Those with high willingness are expected to have lasting changes in their travel patterns, where especially public transport is impacted. For this group, policy is required to ensure when (which days) and where (geographical) telework takes place, such that public transport operators can better plan and operate their services. For those with low willingness, it is essential that the government provides tools to companies (especially in education and vital sector) such that they can be better prepared for teleworking (mostly during but also after the pandemic). Employers on the other hand need to better support their employees, such that they stay in contact with colleagues and their concentration and productivity can increase.

Suggested Citation

  • Ton, Danique & Arendsen, Koen & de Bruyn, Menno & Severens, Valerie & van Hagen, Mark & van Oort, Niels & Duives, Dorine, 2022. "Teleworking during COVID-19 in the Netherlands: Understanding behaviour, attitudes, and future intentions of train travellers," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 55-73.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:transa:v:159:y:2022:i:c:p:55-73
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2022.03.019
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Matthias Sweet & Darren M Scott, 2024. "What might working from home mean for the geography of work and commuting in the Greater Golden Horseshoe, Canada?," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 61(3), pages 567-588, February.
    3. Amirhossein Baghestani & Mohammad Tayarani & Amir Reza Mamdoohi & Meeghat Habibian & Oliver Gao, 2023. "Travel Demand Management Implications during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Case Study of Tehran," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-14, January.
    4. Kroesen, Maarten & De Vos, Jonas & Le, Huyen T.K. & Ton, Danique, 2023. "Exploring attitude-behaviour dynamics during COVID-19: How fear of infection and working from home influence train use and the attitude toward this mode," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    5. Carlos A. Arbelaez-Velasquez & Diana Giraldo & Santiago Quintero, 2022. "Analysis of a Teleworking Technology Adoption Case: An Agent-Based Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-14, August.
    6. Xi, Haoning & Li, Qin & Hensher, David A. & Nelson, John D. & Ho, Chinh, 2023. "Quantifying the impact of COVID-19 on travel behavior in different socio-economic segments," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 98-112.
    7. Jorge De Andres-Sanchez & Angel Belzunegui-Eraso & Mar Souto-Romero, 2023. "Perception of the Effects of Working from Home on Isolation and Stress by Spanish Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-25, January.

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