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The impact of data elements on urban sustainable development: Evidence from the big data policy in China

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  • Wu, Tao
  • Xu, Wenxuan
  • Kung, Chih-Chun

Abstract

This study addresses the research gap in examining the relationship between big data policies and urban sustainable development. We employ panel data encompassing 287 prefecture-level cities in China from 2010 to 2020 and incorporates 46 secondary indicators to devise an index system pertinent to sustainable urban development. Utilizing the inception of National Big Data Comprehensive Pilot Zones in 2015 and 2016 as a quasi-natural experiment, the research employs a multi-period Difference-in-Differences model to investigate the repercussions of data elements on sustainable urban development. Empirical evidence indicates that implementing big data policies is crucial in fostering sustainable urban development. Delving into the underlying mechanisms, the analysis reveals that big data policies can promote sustainable urban development by increasing venture capital, attracting talent, and fostering technology agglomeration in pilot cities. Additionally, this study finds that implementation outcomes vary according to the level of sustainable urban development, the extent of the digital economy, and population size. Further inquiry into spatial ramifications reveals that implementing big data policies within pilot cities induces a “siphon effect” that pulls investments and talent from nearby cities to them.

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  • Wu, Tao & Xu, Wenxuan & Kung, Chih-Chun, 2025. "The impact of data elements on urban sustainable development: Evidence from the big data policy in China," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:teinso:v:81:y:2025:i:c:s0160791x24003488
    DOI: 10.1016/j.techsoc.2024.102800
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    3. Ying Peng & Xinyue Wang & Weilong Gao, 2025. "The Impact of Data Element Marketization on Green Total Factor Energy Efficiency: Empirical Evidence from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-25, May.

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