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Social isolation, residential stability, and opioid use disorder among older Medicare beneficiaries: Metropolitan and non-metropolitan county comparison

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  • Yang, Tse-Chuan
  • Shoff, Carla
  • Kim, Seulki

Abstract

Research has shown that the prevalence of opioid use disorder (OUD) may rise substantially as society ages, but this issue receives the least attention in the literature. To address this gap, this study utilizes county-level data from multiple data sources (1) to investigate whether social isolation is associated with OUD prevalence among older Medicare beneficiaries, (2) to examine whether and how residential stability moderates the association between social isolation and OUD prevalence in US counties, and (3) to determine if there are any differences in these associations between metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties. The results show that social isolation is a significant factor for county-level OUD prevalence, regardless of metropolitan status. In addition, counties with high residential stability have low prevalence of OUD among older adults and this association is stronger in metropolitan than in non-metropolitan counties. Nonetheless, high levels of residential stability reinforce the positive relationship between social isolation and OUD prevalence. As a result, when developing policies and interventions aimed at reducing OUD among older adults, place of residence must be taken into account.

Suggested Citation

  • Yang, Tse-Chuan & Shoff, Carla & Kim, Seulki, 2022. "Social isolation, residential stability, and opioid use disorder among older Medicare beneficiaries: Metropolitan and non-metropolitan county comparison," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 292(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:292:y:2022:i:c:s0277953621009370
    DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114605
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    1. Mokhtari, MohammadAli, 2023. "Opioids ease my pain: Early-life malnutrition and elderly outcomes," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 327(C).
    2. Yang, Tse-Chuan & Shoff, Carla & Kim, Seulki & Shaw, Benjamin A., 2022. "County social isolation and opioid use disorder among older adults: A longitudinal analysis of Medicare data, 2013–2018," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 301(C).

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