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The Basel Committee proposals for a new capital accord: implications for Italian banks

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  • Sironi, Andrea
  • Zazzara, Cristiano

Abstract

Following a few general considerations on the recently proposed revision of the Basel Agreement on capital adequacy, this paper focuses on the first pillar of the Basel Committee proposals, the handling of capital requirements for credit risk in the banking book. The Basel Committee envisages an approach alternatively based on external ratings or on internal rating systems for the determination of the minimum capital requirement related to bank loan portfolios. This approach supports a system of capital requirements that is more sensitive to credit risk. On the basis of specific assumptions, these requirements provide a measure of the value at risk (VaR) produced by models used by major international banks. We first address the impact of the standardised and (internal ratings‐based) IRB foundation approach using general data on Italian banks loans' portfolios default rates. We then simulate the impact of the proposed new rules on the corporate loan portfolios of Italian banks, using the unique data set of mortality rates recently published by the Bank of Italy. Three main conclusions emerge from the analysis: (i) the standardised approach implicitly penalizes Italian banks in their interbank funding as their rating is generally below AA/Aa, (ii) the average default rate experienced by Italian banks is higher than the one implied in the benchmark risk weight (BRW) proposed by the Basel Committee for the IRB foundation approach, thereby potentially leading to an increase in the regulatory risk weights, and (iii) the risk‐weight is based on an average asset correlation that is significantly higher than the one historically recorded within the Italian banks' corporate borrowers. These findings support the need for a significant revision of the basic inputs and assumptions of the Basel proposals. Finally, in relation to the conditions that allow the capital market to effectively discipline banks, we comment on the proposals advanced in relation to the third pillar of the
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  • Sironi, Andrea & Zazzara, Cristiano, 2003. "The Basel Committee proposals for a new capital accord: implications for Italian banks," Review of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 12(1), pages 99-126.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:revfin:v:12:y:2003:i:1:p:99-126
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    1. M.J.B. Hall, 1996. "The amendment to the capital accord to incorporate market risk," Banca Nazionale del Lavoro Quarterly Review, Banca Nazionale del Lavoro, vol. 49(197), pages 271-277.
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    1. H J Jeon & S Y Sohn, 2008. "The risk management for technology credit guarantee fund," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 59(12), pages 1624-1632, December.
    2. Marie-Paule Laurent, 2004. "Asset return correlation in Basel II: implications for credit risk management," Working Papers CEB 04-017.RS, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    3. Simone Varotto, 2007. "Tests on the Accuracy of Basel II," ICMA Centre Discussion Papers in Finance icma-dp2007-09, Henley Business School, University of Reading.
    4. Giuseppe Marotta & Chiara Pederzoli & Costanza Torricelli, 2005. "Forward-looking estimation of default probabilities with Italian data," Heterogeneity and monetary policy 0504, Universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento di Economia Politica.
    5. Lee, Yongwoong & Rösch, Daniel & Scheule, Harald, 2021. "Systematic credit risk in securitised mortgage portfolios," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 122(C).
    6. Annalisa Di Clemente, 2020. "Modeling Portfolio Credit Risk Taking into Account the Default Correlations Using a Copula Approach: Implementation to an Italian Loan Portfolio," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-24, June.
    7. Simona Castellani & Chiara Pederzoli & Costanza Torricelli, 2008. "Indebtedness, macroeconomic conditions and banks’ loan losses: evidence from Italy," Centro Studi di Banca e Finanza (CEFIN) (Center for Studies in Banking and Finance) 0009, Universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento di Economia "Marco Biagi".
    8. Chiara Pederzoli & Costanza Torricelli & Simona Castellani, 2010. "The Interaction of Financial Fragility and the Business Cycle in Determining Banks’ Loan Losses: An Investigation of the Italian Case," Economic Notes, Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena SpA, vol. 39(3), pages 129-146, November.
    9. Inene Kanzari & Mraihi Fayçal, 2017. "Financial Stability and Prudential Requirements in Tunisian Case," International Business Research, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 10(10), pages 126-131, October.

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